sesquiterpene

Isolongifolene ((-)-Isolongifolene), a tricyclic sesquiterpene isolated from Murraya koenigii, exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and neuroprotective properties. It mitigates Rotenone-induced oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and apoptosis by modulating the PI3K AKT GSK-3β signaling pathways.

Cyperotundone is a natural product from Cyperus rotundus

Hexahydrofarnesyl acetone (Phytone) enhanced both the sticky materials production and cell growth, plays some role in the increase of sticky materials and cell growth.

(-)-Cedrene (Alpha-Cedrene) is a sesquiterpene from cedar oil that has anti-leukemia, antibacterial and anti-obesity properties.

Ainsliadimer A, a sesquiterpene lactone dimer from Ainsliaea macrocephala, has antitumour activity and induces cell death in various cancer cells.

Artemisinin (Qinghaosu) is a natural product, a sesquiterpene lactone, derived from Artemisia annua. Artemisinin has anti-malarial activity, as well as neuroprotective and anti-tumor activity.

Parthenolide ((-)-Parthenolide) is a natural sesquiterpene lactone that is an NF-κB inhibitor and also specifically inhibits HDAC1 protein, but is inactive against other class I II HDACs. Parthenolide has anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and anti-viral activities.

Bilobalide ((-)-Bilobalide), a bioactive from Gingko Biloba, is active on hypoxia-induced alterations.

Sclareolide (Norambreinolide) is a sesquiterpene lactone natural product derived from various plant sources including Salvia yosgadensis, Salvia sclarea, and cigar tobacco. It is a close analog of Sclareol, a plant antifungal compound.

Cedrene (AI3-51328), a type sesquiterpene compound derived from Xylaria guizhouensis NJAU4742, promotes lateral root formation in plants and acts through growth hormone transport and signaling.

trans-Nerolidol is a sesquiterpene alcohol isolated from the above-ground parts of the Saharan Valerian plant with antifungal activity. trans-Nerolidol inhibits cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner, and induces cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase.

Zerumbone is a natural monocyclic sesquiterpene first isolated from rhizomes of the wild ginger Z. zerumbet.It has also been shown to have anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, contributing to immunomodulatory and hepatoprotective effects.

Nerolidol acetate is a natural sesquiterpene with anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and anti-insect activities. Nerolidol acetate can inhibit parasite activity and inhibit schistosomiasis, nematodes, malaria, etc. Nerolidol acetate protects cells from oxidative damage to lipids, proteins and DNA, and has a protective effect on mouse hippocampal nerve cells.

(E)-β-Farnesene (trans-β-Farnesene) is a sesquiterpene hydrocarbon found in Phlomis aurea Decne, serving as the primary component of many aphid alarm pheromones that disrupt feeding. It also impairs the development and survival of Chilo suppressalis larvae by disrupting their hormone balance.

Chloranthalactone C, a natural sesquiterpene from Chloranthus serratus, has an IC50 >25 nM against Chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum DD2.

Chlorahololide D is a natural lindane-type sesquiterpene dimer and selective potassium channel blocker that stimulates reactive oxygen species ROS levels to cause cell cycle arrest in the G2 phase, modulates Bcl-2 and Bax and FAK, thereby inhibiting MCF-7 cell growth and triggering apoptosis. Chlorahololide D inhibits tumor proliferation, migration and angiogenesis in in vivo experiments and has anti-breast cancer potential.

5α-Hydroxycostic acid, a naturally occurring sesquiterpene, inhibits choroidal neovascularization in rats through dual signaling pathways mediated by VEGF VEGFR and Ang2 Tie2 (angiopoietin 2), and exhibits anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic effects on human breast cancer cells

Ferulenol, a sesquiterpene prenylated coumarin derivative, demonstrates potent antimycobacterial activity and [haemorrhagic] action by selectively targeting succinate ubiquinone reductase within the ubiquinone cycle.

Germacrene D ((-)-Germacrene D) is a sesquiterpene volatile compound that can be extracted from Solidago canadensis. It is a RIFM fragrance with potential antimicrobial activity and increases the attraction and egg-laying of tobacco budworm moth (Heliothis virescens).

Tagitinin C is a sesquiterpene compound derived from Tithonia diversifolia, an inducer of ferroptosis with anti-cancer activity. It induces ferroptosis through the PERK-Nrf2-HO-1 signaling pathway.

Ergolide, a sesquiterpene lactone extracted from the dried flowers of Inula Britannica, effectively hinders the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclo-oxygenase-2 in RAW 264.7 macrophages by deactivating NF-κB.

Helenalin is a selective inhibitor of transcription factor NF-κB by direct targeting of p65. It is an anti-inflammatory sesquiterpene lactone compound with alkylating activity. Through its ability to target the cysteine sulfhydryl groups in the p65 subunit of NF-κB, helenalin effectively inhibits its DNA binding.

Bisabolene (FEMA 3331) is a sesquiterpene extracted from oregano and other aromatic plants. It is a potential anticancer agent and studies have shown that it can induce apoptosis in the A549 cancer cell line.

Illudin S (ILS) is a fungal sesquiterpene secondary metabolite with potent genotoxic and cytotoxic properties.