nrf2-dependent

Fluvastatin sodium (Fluvastatin sodium salt), a competitive inhibitor of hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR), is a commonly used cholesterol lowering agent.

(3S,5R)-Fluvastatin sodium is the (3S,5R)-enantiomer of Fluvastatin. Fluvastatin is a first fully synthetic, competitive HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (IC50: 8 nM). Fluvastatin protects vascular smooth muscle cells against oxidative stress through the Nrf2-

(Z)-Ligustilide (Ligustilide A) , an active ingredient isolated from the medicinal plants Angelica acutiloba and Cnidium officinale, inhibits benzo(a)pyrene-induced CYP1A1 upregulation in cultured human keratinocytes via ROS-dependent Nrf2 activation.

Antioxidant agent-20 (Compound 3d) exhibits potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. It reduces reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. Antioxidant agent-20 demonstrates photoprotective effects on UVB-exposed human skin keratinocytes (HaCaT) (IC50=5.13 µM) by activating Nrf2 HO-1 signaling and inhibiting the NF-κB pathway.

Nrf2 activator-10 (Compound AI-1) is a PI3K-dependent antioxidant response element (ARE) inducer, with an EC50 of 2.7 μM, and also acts as an Nrf2 activator. It modifies Keap1, preventing the formation of the Cul3-Keap1 ubiquitin ligase complex, thereby activating Nrf2 transcription. Nrf2 activator-10 provides cellular protection against H2O2-induced apoptosis.

Fluvastatin (XU-62320) is a potent and competitive HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (IC50: 8 nM) that inhibits oxidative stress in vascular smooth muscle cells through an Nrf2-dependent pathway, and is used for the reduction of plasma cholesterol levels and the prevention of cardiovascular disease.

Trilobatin (P-Phlorizin) has anti-oxidant effect, can increase superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity.Trilobatin has anti-inflammatory effect, it potentially inhibits the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory response by suppressing the NF-κB signaling pathway.Trilobatin shows a strong inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase and a moderate inhibitory activity against α-amylase for management of postprandial hyperglycemia with less side effect.

1. Negletein (7-O-Methylbaicalein) has anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities via inhibition of TNF-α, iNOS and IL-1β. 2. Negletein as a neuroprotectant enhances the action of nerve growth factor and induces neurite outgrowth in PC12 cells. 3. Negletein shows a comparable redox-active potential, and it (50 μM, 4 h) can activate Nrf2. 4. Negletein shows significant antimicrobial activity. 5. Negletein has anti-hypoxia activity, it can significantly prolong the survival time of hypoxic mice.6. Negletein has anti- Alzheimer's disease activity, it inhibits the iron-dependent formation of ROS and also blocks the iron-induced oligomerization of amyloid beta 42 in vitro. 7. Negletein (IC50: 3.89 +/- 0.39 microM) exhibits potent inhibitory activity against nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) transcription factor.

Gypenoside XVII (Gynosaponin S) confers protection against Aβ25-35-induced neurotoxicity through estrogen receptor-dependent activation of PI3K/Akt pathways, activation of Nrf2/ARE/HO-1 and inactivation of GSK-3β pathways.

17-oxo-4(Z),7(Z),10(Z),13(Z),15(E),19(Z)-Docosahexaenoic acid is a metabolite of lipoxygenase-mediated oxidation of DHA that is produced endogenously by aspirin-enhanced COX-2 activity. It has been shown to activate Nrf2-dependent antioxidant gene expression, to act as a PPARγ agonist (EC50 = ~200 nM), and to inhibit pro-inflammatory cytokine and nitric oxide production at biological concentration ranges (5-25 μM).

Docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) is a ω-3 fatty acid found in fish oils. 17-oxo-7(Z),10(Z),13(Z),15(E),19(Z)-docosapentaenoic acid is a metabolite of lipoxygenase-mediated oxidation of DPA that is produced endogenously by aspirin-enhanced COX-2 activity. It has been shown to activate Nrf2-dependent antioxidant gene expression, to act as a PPARγ agonist (EC50 = ~200 nM), and to inhibit pro-inflammatory cytokine and nitric oxide production at biological concentration ranges (5-25 μM).

(3R,5S)-Fluvastatin, the 3R,5S-isomer of Fluvastatin (XU 62-320 free acid), stands as the inaugural fully synthetic, competitive inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase, exhibiting an IC50 value of 8 nM. It safeguards vascular smooth muscle cells from oxidative stress by activating the Nrf2-dependent antioxidant pathway.

1. 5,7-Dihydroxychromone (5,7-Dihydroxy-4H-Chromen-4-One) isolated from DME is one of the active compounds that may contribute to regulate blood glucose levels. 2. 5,7-Dihydroxychromone exerts neuroprotective effect against 6-OHDA-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis by activating Nrf2/ARE signal . 3. 5,7-Dihydroxychromone induces the translocation of Nrf2 to the nucleus and increases Nrf2/ARE binding activity which results in the up-regulation of the expression of Nrf2-dependent antioxidant genes, including HO-1, NQO1, and GCLc.

(3R,5S)-Fluvastatin ((3R,5S)-XU 62-320) sodium, a specific isomer of Fluvastatin, functions as a fully synthetic, competitive inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase, exhibiting an IC50 of 8 nM. It is notable for its efficacy in shielding vascular smooth muscle cells from oxidative stress via the Nrf2-dependent antioxidant pathway [1] [2] [3].'

Fluvastatin (XU 62-320) sodium monohydrate, a fully synthetic competitive HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, features an IC 50 of 8 nM. This compound also safeguards vascular smooth muscle cells from oxidative stress via the Nrf2-dependent antioxidant pathway [1] [2].

11-Keto-beta-boswellic acid, a novel Nrf2 activator, and a selective 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) inhibitor; it exerts dose dependent cardioprotective effect manifested by dose-dependent reduction in serum lactate dehydrogenase

Garcinone D shows significant cytotoxicity against the CEM-SS cell line, with IC(50) value of 3.2 microg/ml; it exhibits dose-dependent enzyme-based microsomal aromatase inhibitory activity. Garcinone D inhibits p65 activation with IC50 values of 3.2 micr

Tricetin is a flavonoid isolated from pomegranate.Tricetin is a potent competitive inhibitor of Keap1-Nrf2 protein-protein interaction (PPI) and protects Parkinson's disease patients from 6-OHDA-induced neurotoxicity by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway and blocking mitochondria-dependent apoptotic pathways.Tricetin Inhibits migration and expression of the indicator protease progerin-1 (PS-1) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma through the Akt/GSK-1β pathway.Tricetin inhibits endothelial inflammation induced by oxidized LDL mediated by Egr-1, and protects rat chondrocytes from IL-1β-induced inflammation and apoptosis.Tricetin is an inhibitor of endothelial inflammation induced by oxidized LDL mediated by Egr-1 and protects against IL-1β-induced inflammation and apoptosis.

Sulforaphane is a natural isothiocyanate that activates Nrf2 and inhibits AMPK-dependent signaling. Sulforaphane has antitumor and anti-inflammatory activities by increasing the transcription of tumor suppressor proteins and inhibiting histone deacetylase activity.