Neural dyes

Lucifer Yellow CH dipotassium is a water-soluble fluorescent tracer that labels endocytosis vesicles in cells.Lucifer Yellow CH dipotassium excites and emits at a maximum wavelength of 430 nm and 540 nm, respectively.

FM1-43 is a highly lipophilic, water-soluble styrene dye that acts as an osmotic blocker of hair cell mechanical transducer channels and can be used to study neuropeptide granule dynamics and cytotoxicity. dFdCTP trisodium is a Gemcitabine triphosphate trisodium derivative that inhibits DNA synthesis.

Leucomethylene blue mesylate (TRx0237 mesylate) is a second-generation tau protein aggregation inhibitor for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and frontotemporal dementia.

Methylene Blue (Tetramethylthionine chloride) (IC50 of 1.9 μM) inhibits tau filament formation. And it inhibits soluble guanylyl cyclase. It is also used as a dye in chromoendoscopy.

Di-4-ANEPPDHQ is a voltage-sensitive dye used for visualizing membrane microdomains in live Arabidopsis cells.

OG 488, SE (Oregon green 488 succinimidyl ester) is a green fluorescent dye that is pH insensitive in the physiological pH range (pH=6-8) and can be used to monitor the proliferation of living cells or microorganisms.

Sulforhodamine 101 (SR101) is a red fluorescent dye.

Coumarin102 (Exciton 480) is a fluorescent dye.Coumarin102 has weak inhibitory activity against Monoamine oxidase B, MAO-B and MAO-A and can be used to study neurological disorders.

BTC AM is a cell-permeable acetoxy-methyl ester of BTC . As BTC AM enters cells, it is hydrolyzed by intracellular esterases to produce BTC. BTC is a low affinity calcium indicator (Kd = 7-26 μM) that displays excitation emission spectra of 401 529 nm, respectively. It exhibits a shift in the excitation maximum from approximately 480 to 401 nm upon calcium binding, enabling determination of ratiometric calcium measurements. BTC is suitable for detecting elevated calcium levels associated with activation of smooth muscle, neurons, and intracellular calcium stores.

C6 NBD galactosylceramide, an active derivative of galactosylceramide tagged with fluorescent nitrobenzoxadiazole (NBD), serves as a substrate for neutral β-glycosylceramidase (GCase) in studies of intracellular localization and metabolism of galactosylceramide (Ex=nm, Em=525) [1].

DTNP is a BchE-activated near-infrared (NIR) probe with blood-brain permeability that can inhibit BchE enzyme activity and is used in Alzheimer's disease (AD) research [1].

Glycine cresol red, a complexometric indicator, interacts with Al 3+, Ga 3+, and In 3+ ions to form colored complexes in aqueous solutions. It is utilized in the spectrophotometric determination of inorganic ions and serves as a stain in neurohistology [1] [2].

C12 NBD Lactosylceramide, a derivative of Lactosylceramide labeled with a C12 NBD fluorescent group, can be used to identify Lactosylceramides [1].

C6 NBD Phytoceramide, a fluorescently labeled short-chain ceramide analog, is recognized by mammalian GlcCer synthase (GCS) [1].

C12-NBD-ceramide, a fluorescent analogue of ceramide, serves as a substrate in ceramidase assays [1] [2].

X-34 is a highly fluorescent amyloid-specific dye, exhibiting inclusion bodies that were amyloid-like aggregates by virtue of their staining.

hMSCs-Neu perchlorate (Compound 4), a fluorescent probe, transforms hMSCs into neurons when exposed to fibroblast growth factor (FGF). This compound is potentially significant for research in neuropathology and neurodegeneration [1].

FM 2-10, a fluorescent dye and a less hydrophobic version of FM 1-43, is used for identifying actively firing neurons and investigating the mechanisms of activity-dependent vesicle cycling [1].

Di-12-ANEPPQ, a fast-responding membrane potential dye, exhibits cell-specific loading and Golgi-like staining patterns with minimal background fluorescence in slices of neocortex and hippocampus [1].

Cresyl Violet perchlorate is a red fluorescent stain employed for neuron staining.

True blue is a fluorescent neuronal retrograde tracer that labels the nucleus, nucleolus, cell body, proximal dendrites, and axons of neurons. It displays excitation emission maxima of 373 404 nm, respectively.

RH 414 is a styryl pyridinium dye used for optical monitoring of synaptic vesicle membrane trafficking [1].

C12 NBD Galactosylceramide is a biologically active derivative of galactosylceramide tagged with a fluorescent C12 nitrobenzoxadiazole (C12 NBD) group, used for detecting ceramide trihexoside [1].

FM1-84 (Neurodye GH1-84), a lipophilic fluorescent dye, readily associates with membranes, enhancing its fluorescence intensity (λ ex =510 nm, λ em =625 nm). This compound is employed in the study of synaptic vesicle recycling in neuronal research [1].