hacat cells

Citric Acid Monohydrate is a tricarboxylic acid found in citrus fruits. Citric acid is used as an excipient in pharmaceutical preparations due to its antioxidant properties. It maintains stability of active ingredients and is used as a preservative.

Citric acid (Citro) is a weak organic tricarboxylic acid found in citrus fruits. Citric acid is a food additive and a natural preservative.

Galunisertib (LY2157299) is a TGF-β receptor type I (TGF-βRI) inhibitor (IC50=56 nM) that is selective. Galunisertib has antitumor activity and can be used in combination with PD-1 inhibitors.

Tetracycline is an orally active broad-spectrum antibiotic that exhibits inhibitory activity against various Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, as well as Chlamydia, Mycoplasma, and Rickettsia. It is commonly used in anti-infection research and can also be used to induce tumor regression based on BCR-ABL gene silencing.

Genistein (NPI 031L) is a naturally occurring soy isoflavone, a multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Genistein has antitumor, antioxidant, and anthelmintic properties, and also produces estrogen-like effects in the body.

Mitoxantrone (mitozantrone) is an anthracenedione antibiotic with antineoplastic activity. Mitoxantrone intercalates into and crosslinks DNA, thereby disrupting DNA and RNA replication. This agent also binds to topoisomerase II, resulting in DNA strand breaks and inhibition of DNA repair. Mitoxantrone is less cardiotoxic compared to doxorubicin.

EGR-1-IN-2 (compound 2) is an EGR-1 inhibitor with anti-inflammatory properties. It inhibits the formation of the EGR-1-DNA complex in HaCaT cells induced by TNF α.

hDHODH-IN-16 (Compound 3t) is an inhibitor of human dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (hDHODH) with an IC50 of 0.11 μM. It demonstrates very low cytotoxicity towards healthy HaCaT cells, with an IC50 value exceeding 200 μM.

SARS-CoV-2 Mpro-IN-43 (Compound 1) is an inhibitor of the coronavirus main protease (Mpro) with an IC50 of 72 μM. It exerts its antiviral effects by interacting non-covalently with the key residues at the Mpro active site. This compound exhibits moderate to low cytotoxicity with CC50 values of 13.24, 41.02, and 42.26 µM in HaCaT, HEK293T, and HepG2 cells, respectively. SARS-CoV-2 Mpro-IN-43 is applicable for SARS-CoV-2 research.

Citric acid-13C2 is a 13C-labeled form of citric acid. Citric acid serves as a preservative and food additive. It induces apoptosis in HaCaT cells and causes cell cycle arrest at the G2/M and S phases. Additionally, citric acid contributes to liver oxidative damage by reducing antioxidant enzyme activity. It also functions as an acidulant, emulsifier, chelating agent, and buffer, with extensive applications across multiple industries.

CDK6/9-IN-2 is a highly potent dual inhibitor of CDK6 (IC50 = 15 nM) and CDK9 (IC50 = 22 nM) with selectivity over CDK2, CDK8, and CDK11. It suppresses proliferation in IFN-γ/TNF-α-induced HaCaT cells and inhibits the STAT3 pathway and expression of inflammatory factors. CDK6/9-IN-2 alleviates psoriasis dermatitis and is applicable in psoriasis research.

12(S)-HHT (12(S)-HHTrE), a fatty acid produced via the arachidonic acid metabolic pathway of cyclooxygenase (COX), is an endogenous ligand and agonist of BLT2, and the 12(S)-HHT/BLT2 axis plays a role in the maintenance of homeostatic aspects of epithelial tissues and in inflammatory responses. 12(S)-HHT inhibits the p38 MAPK/NF-κB pathway through upregulation of MKP-1, leading to reduced IL-6 synthesis in UVB-irradiated HaCaT cells.

Siramesine (Lu 28-179)(Lu 28-179) is a selective sigma-2 receptor agonist, which has been shown to trigger cell death of cancer cells and to exhibit a potent anticancer activity in vivo.lysosome-destabilizing agent siramesine can induce rapid cell death in a number of cell lines at concentrations above 20 μM. In HaCaT cells, cell death was accompanied by caspase activation, rapid loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), cytochrome c release, cardiolipin peroxidation and typical apoptotic morphology, whereas in U-87MG cells most apoptotic hallmarks were not notable, although MMP was rapidly lost

Antiproliferative agent-6 (compound 8a) is a potent antitumor compound exhibiting antiproliferative activity. It inhibits cancer cell lines HCT116, MCF-7, H460, and non-tumor aneuploid immortal keratinocyte HaCaT cells with GI50 values of 0.5 μM, 2 μM, 0.7 μM, and 3.5 μM, respectively.

8A8 is a potent NO inhibitor with proinflammatory factor properties, exhibiting an IC50 of 4.7 μM. Additionally, it significantly inhibits LPS-induced proliferation in HaCat cells [1].

5-epi-Arvestonate A, a sesquiterpenoid extracted from Seriphidium transiliense whole plants, enhances melanogenic production by stimulating MITF and tyrosinase family gene transcription. Additionally, it suppresses IFN-γ-chemokine expression via the JAK/STAT signaling pathway in HaCaT cells [1].

ROCK2 inhibitor is a chemical compound associated with the therapeutic management of psoriasis. It exhibits its efficacy in targeting ROCK2 enzymes within HaCaT cells and has demonstrated beneficial effects in a psoriasis-like mouse model.

Pap12-6, an antibacterial peptide originating from the first twelve N-terminal amino acids of papiliocin found in P. xuthus larvae, exhibits activity against a range of eight Gram-negative bacteria (e.g., E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. syphimurium with MIC50s=4-8 µM) and Gram-positive bacteria (e.g., S. aureus, methicillin-resistant S. aureus 3126, B. subtilis, and S. epidermidis with MIC50s=4-8 µM), without compromising the viability of human erythrocytes, mouse RAW 264.7 macrophages, human HaCaT keratinocytes, or human HEK293 kidney cells at 25 µM. It causes membrane depolarization in E. coli at 4 and 8 µM and, upon preincubation at 10 µM, decreases nitrite (NO2-), Tnf-α, and Il-6 secretion in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. In a murine model, Pap12-6 enhances survival rates and diminishes colony forming units (CFUs) in several organs upon E. coli infection at 10 mg/kg and 1 mg/kg doses, respectively. Additionally, at a 1 mg/kg dose, it lowers serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) levels, as well as blood urea nitrogen levels in E. coli-induced sepsis, indicating its therapeutic potential for bacterial infections without affecting host cell viability.

Tetraacetylphytosphingosine is a sphingolipid metabolite produced through the acetylation of plant sphingosine. It functions as an angiogenesis inhibitor by suppressing the activation of MAPK and increasing intracellular calcium ions. Additionally, Tetraacetylphytosphingosine induces apoptosis in HaCaT cells.

1-Hexadecyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (C16mimPF6) is an ionic liquid characterized by a long alkyl-chain imidazolium structure. It is utilized in the creation of inclusion complexes with β-cyclodextrin, and as an electrolyte additive in aluminum-air batteries. When incorporated into phosphatidylcholine (PC) vesicles at concentrations of 10-30 mol%, it reduces particle size and turbidity while enhancing zeta potential. Furthermore, PC vesicles with C16mimPF6 exhibit a lower cytotoxic effect on HaCaT, A431, and SCC-25 cells compared to those with 1-hexadecyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide (C16mimBr).

Citric acid-13C3 is the 13C-labeled form of citric acid. Citric acid serves as a preservative and food additive. It induces apoptosis in HaCaT cells, causing cell cycle arrest at the G2/M and S phases. Additionally, citric acid leads to hepatic oxidative damage by reducing antioxidant enzyme activity and exhibits nephrotoxic effects in mice.

Citric acid-d4-1 is a deuterium-labeled variant of citric acid. Citric acid functions as a preservative and food additive. It induces apoptosis in HaCaT cells, causing cell cycle arrest at the G2/M and S phases. Additionally, citric acid leads to hepatic oxidative damage by reducing antioxidant enzyme activity and exhibits nephrotoxicity in mice.