g1 phase

Dipyrithione appears to have novel cytotoxicity and potent broad-spectrum antitumor activity

Salidroside is a bioactive phenolic glycoside compound isolated from Rhodiola rosea and is a prolyl endopeptidase inhibitor. Salidroside can alleviate cachexia symptoms in a tumor cachexia mouse model by activating mTOR signaling and protect dopaminergic neurons by enhancing PINK1 Parkin-mediated mitochondrial autophagy. Salidroside can also inhibit the growth of cancer cells by regulating the CDK4-cyclin D1 pathway to block the G1 phase and or regulating the Cdc2-cyclin B1 pathway to block the G2 phase.

ZDLD20 is an orally active and selective CDK4 inhibitor, a β-carboline analog with anti-HCT116 and anticancer activity that inhibits colony formation, inhibits invasion and migration, induces apoptosis, and prevents the G1 phase of the cell cycle.

Thalicarpine is a natural aporphine benzylisoquinoline vinca alkaloid with antineoplastic activity. Thalicarpine binds to and inhibits p-glycoprotein, the multidrug resistance efflux pump. Thalicarpine also induces single-strand breaks in DNA and arrests cancer cells at the G2 M and G1 phase of the cell cycle. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent.

TJ08 is a 1,2,5-trisubstituted benzimidazole derivative with anticancer properties that effectively induces G1 S phase blockade while promoting apoptotic effects in a variety of cancer cells.

Perillyl Alcohol is a naturally occurring monoterpene related to limonene with antineoplastic activity. Perillyl alcohol (Isocarveol) inhibits farnesyl transferase and geranylgeranyl transferase, thereby preventing post-translational protein farnesylation and isoprenylation and activation of oncoproteins such as p21-ras, and arresting tumor cells in the G1 phase of the cell cycle.

trans-Nerolidol is a sesquiterpene alcohol isolated from the above-ground parts of the Saharan Valerian plant with antifungal activity. trans-Nerolidol inhibits cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner, and induces cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase.

Thymidine (DThyd) is a cell synchronizing agent and a specific precursor of deoxyribonucleic acid. Thymidine inhibits DNA synthesis and can cause cell cycle arrest in the G1 S phase.

Indisulam (E 7070) is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor and antitumor CDK inhibitor that targets the G1 phase of the cell cycle by depleting cyclin E, inducing p53 and p21, and inhibiting CDK2, thereby causing a blockade in the G1 S transition.

Mirin is a Mre11-Rad50-Nbs1 (MRN) complex inhibitor that inhibits MRN-dependent ATM activation without affecting ATM protein kinase activity. It also inhibits Mre11-associated exonuclease activity, thereby disrupting DNA double-strand break repair.Mirin induces cell cycle arrest in G1 phase.

GGTI298 Trifluoroacetate (GGTI 298 TFA salt) is a geranylgeranyltransferase I inhibitor with ability to arrest human tumor cells in the G1 phase of the cell cycle and induce apoptosis.

Ailanthone (AIL) is a natural compound derived from the tree Ailanthus altissima and has anti-hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) properties. It can induce G0 G1 phase cell cycle arrest by downregulating the expression of cyclins and CDKs, while upregulating the expression of p21 and p27. Additionally, Ailanthone is a potent androgen receptor (AR) inhibitor, capable of inhibiting both the full-length androgen receptor (IC50: 69 nM) and constitutively active splice variants (IC50: 309 nM).

Ara-G is an analog of the nucleoside guanosine and an active metabolite of nelarabine .1,2 Ara-G accumulates in T lymphoblasts and malignant T-lymphoid cells, where it is phosphorylated to produce ara-GTP and incorporated into the DNA.3,1 Ara-G inhibits DNA replication by 92% after 30 minutes when used at a concentration of 50 μM in CEM cells, which are used as a model for human T lymphoblasts.1 It also halts the cell cycle at the sub-G1 phase and induces apoptosis in CEM cells.3 Syngeneic bone marrow containing 6C3HED tumor cells treated with ara-G (100 mM) ex vivo prior to transplantation increases survival of lethally irradiated mice and induces reconstitution of lymphoid, myeloid, and erythroid cell linages.4References1. Leanza, L., Miazzi, C., Ferraro, P., et al. Activation of guanine-β-D-arabinofuranoside and deoxyguanosine to triphosphates by a common pathway blocks T lymphoblasts at different checkpoints. Exp. Cell Res. 316(20), 3443-3453 (2010).2. Lambe, C.U., Averett, D.R., Paff, M.T., et al. 2-Amino-6-methoxypurine arabinoside: An agent for T-cell malignancies. Cancer Res. 55(15), 3352-3356 (1995).3. Rodriguez, C.O., Jr., Stellrecht, C.M., and Gandhi, V. Mechanisms for T-cell selective cytotoxicity of arabinosylguanine. Blood 102(5), 1842-1848 (2003).4. Kurtzberg, J. Guanine arabinoside as a bone marrow-purging agent. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci 685(1), 225-236 (1993). Ara-G is an analog of the nucleoside guanosine and an active metabolite of nelarabine .1,2 Ara-G accumulates in T lymphoblasts and malignant T-lymphoid cells, where it is phosphorylated to produce ara-GTP and incorporated into the DNA.3,1 Ara-G inhibits DNA replication by 92% after 30 minutes when used at a concentration of 50 μM in CEM cells, which are used as a model for human T lymphoblasts.1 It also halts the cell cycle at the sub-G1 phase and induces apoptosis in CEM cells.3 Syngeneic bone marrow containing 6C3HED tumor cells treated with ara-G (100 mM) ex vivo prior to transplantation increases survival of lethally irradiated mice and induces reconstitution of lymphoid, myeloid, and erythroid cell linages.4 References1. Leanza, L., Miazzi, C., Ferraro, P., et al. Activation of guanine-β-D-arabinofuranoside and deoxyguanosine to triphosphates by a common pathway blocks T lymphoblasts at different checkpoints. Exp. Cell Res. 316(20), 3443-3453 (2010).2. Lambe, C.U., Averett, D.R., Paff, M.T., et al. 2-Amino-6-methoxypurine arabinoside: An agent for T-cell malignancies. Cancer Res. 55(15), 3352-3356 (1995).3. Rodriguez, C.O., Jr., Stellrecht, C.M., and Gandhi, V. Mechanisms for T-cell selective cytotoxicity of arabinosylguanine. Blood 102(5), 1842-1848 (2003).4. Kurtzberg, J. Guanine arabinoside as a bone marrow-purging agent. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci 685(1), 225-236 (1993).

Phenoxodiol (Idronoxil) activates the mitochondrial caspase system, inhibits X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis(XIAP), disrupts FLICE inhibitory protein(FLIP) expression, and sensitizes the cancer cells to Fas-mediated apoptosis. Phenoxodiol induces cell cycle arrest in the G1 S phase of the cell cycle and upregulates p21WAF1 via a p53 independent manner. Phenoxodiol also inhibits DNA topoisomerase II.

Sterigmatocystine is an inhibitor of G1 Phase and DNA synthesis and is used to inhibit p21 activity. Sterigmatocystine is a precursor of aflatoxins and a mycotoxin produced by common mold strains from Aspergillus versicolor.

Meisoindigo (Natura-α) is a derivative of indigo natural, might induces apoptosis and myeloid differentiation of acute myeloid leukemia (AML).

Sampangine, an alkaloid, induces apoptosis by causing cell cycle arrest at the G0 G1 phase and inhibits the biosynthesis of heme.

JND4135, a type II TRK inhibitor, exhibits IC50 values targeting TRKA, TRKB, and TRKC at 2.79, 3.19, and 3.01 nM, respectively. It can overcome resistance due to TRKxDFG and other mutations in the BaF3 stable model, inhibiting the phosphorylation of TRKs WT, xDFG mutations, and their downstream signaling molecules. Additionally, JND4135 induces G0 G1 phase arrest and cell apoptosis (apoptosis) in BaF3–CD74-TRKA-G667C cells. This compound also demonstrates antitumor activity in a BaF3-CD74-TRKA-G667C mouse xenograft model by suppressing tumor growth.

BHA536 is an orally effective inhibitor of PKCα β and the NF-kB signaling pathway. This compound inhibits the proliferation of ABC DLBCL cells harboring CD79 mutations by causing cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase and induces apoptosis in TMD8 cells. Additionally, BHA536 exhibits antitumor activity in mice.

c-Met HDAC-IN-4, a dual inhibitor of c-Met HDAC, exhibits an IC 50 value of 28.92 nM for c-Met. This compound effectively induces G 0 G 1 phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Additionally, c-Met HDAC-IN-4 suppresses both the proliferation and invasion of breast cancer cell lines.

KRC-00715 is an orally effective inhibitor of c-Met, exhibiting high selectivity with an IC50 of 9.0 nM. This compound specifically inhibits the growth of gastric cancer cell lines with high c-Met expression by inducing G1 S phase block, and reduces the activity of downstream signals, including Akt, Erk, and c-Met itself. In the gastric cancer cell line Hs746T, KRC-00715 demonstrates cytotoxicity with an IC50 of 39 nM and selectively inhibits the proliferation of cell lines that overexpress c-Met. Additionally, KRC-00715 decreases tumor size in Hs746T xenograft mouse models.

Apoptosisinducer 28 (Compound X1) is an apoptosis inducer with demonstrated in vitro anticancer activity. It arrests the cell cycle at the G1 phase, promoting cell death and inducing apoptosis by disrupting the mitochondrial membrane potential.

FAK inhibitor7, a potent FAK inhibitor, demonstrates an IC50 of 3.58 nM. This compound effectively inhibits downstream signaling cascades of FAK (such as Src and AKT), which leads to cell cycle arrest at the G0 G1 phase and induces cytotoxic autophagy in ovarian cancer cells. Additionally, FAK inhibitor7 has been shown to suppress tumor metastasis and growth in ovarian cancer mouse models.

SILA-123, an inhibitor of FLT3 (FLT3-WT: IC50=2.1 nM; FLT3-ITD: IC50=1.0 nM), induces cell apoptosis by hindering the cell cycle progression at the G0 G1 phase through the suppression of FLT3 phosphorylation and its downstream signaling pathways. This compound is utilized in the study of acute myeloid leukemia.