thymidylate synthase

5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is a uracil analog and inhibitor of DNA synthesis, exhibiting antitumor activity by affecting pyrimidine synthesis through thymidylate synthase inhibition; it induces apoptosis and autophagy.

Folinic acid calcium (Leucovorin Calcium) is the active metabolite of folic acid. Leucovorin is used principally as an antidote to folic acid antagonists.

Pemetrexed (LY-231514 Disodium Hydrate), a guanine-derived antineoplastic agent, binds to and inhibits the enzyme thymidylate synthase (TS).

Pemetrexed disodium (LY-231514) is a parenterally administered folate antagonist and antineoplastic agent, used in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer and malignant mesothelioma. Pemetrexed disodium therapy has been associated with moderate rates of serum enzyme elevations during therapy, but has not been convincingly linked to instances of acute, clinically apparent liver injury.

Floxuridine (FUDR) is an antimetabolite, floxuridine inhibits thymidylate synthase, resulting in disruption of DNA synthesis and cytotoxicity.

Trimethoprim (NSC-106568) is a Dihydrofolate Reductase Inhibitor Antibacterial. The mechanism of action of trimethoprim is as a Dihydrofolate Reductase Inhibitor, and Cytochrome P450 2C8 Inhibitor, and Organic Cation Transporter 2 Inhibitor.

Trifluridine (NSC-75520) is a fluorinated thymidine analog with potential antineoplastic activity. Trifluridine is incorporated into DNA and inhibits thymidylate synthase, resulting in inhibition of DNA synthesis, inhibition of protein synthesis, and apoptosis. This agent also exhibits antiviral activity.

2'-Deoxyuridine (2-deoxyuridine). An antimetabolite that is converted to deoxyuridine triphosphate during DNA synthesis. Laboratory suppression of deoxyuridine is used to diagnose megaloblastic anemias due to vitamin B12 and folate deficiencies.

5-Fluoroorotic acid is an inhibitor of thymidylate synthase. 5-Fluoroorotic is a selective agent in yeast molecular genetics.5-Fluoroorotic possesses a well-expressed anticandidal effect close to that of 5-fluorocytosine, as well as moderate antidermatophytal effects.

Nolatrexed dihydrochloride (Thymitaq) is the dihydrochloride salt of nolatrexed, a water-soluble lipophilic quinazoline folate analog with antineoplastic activity. Nolatrexed occupies the folate binding site of thymidylate synthase, resulting in inhibition of thymidylate synthase activity and thymine nucleotide synthesis with subsequent inhibition of DNA replication, DNA damage, S-phase cell cycle arrest, and caspase-dependent apoptosis. This agent also exhibits radiosensitizing activity.

Fosifloxuridine nafalbenamide (NUC 3373), a pyrimidine nucleotide analogue, is a Thymidylate synthase inhibitor. NUC-3373 has anticancer activity. NUC-3373 is a ProTide transformation of 5-FU that generates much higher concentrations of FUDR-MP in patients' cells.

Trifluridine/tipiracil hydrochloride mixture (TAS-102) is a novel oral combination drug containing trifluridine (TFT) and tipiracil hydrochloride (TTP) in a 2:1 molar ratio.

Gemcitabine monophosphate disodium salt is a monophosphate derivative of Gemcitabine.

Nolatrexed is a thymidylate synthase inhibitor with potential anticancer activity.

Proguanil hydrochloride (Chloroquanil) is a biguanide compound which metabolizes in the body to form cycloguanil, an anti-malaria agent.Upon hydrolysis, Proguanil hydrochloride is converted to its active cyclic triazine metabolite, cycloguanil, by a cytochrome P450 dependent reaction. Cycloguanil selectively inhibits the bifunctional dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase of plasmodium parasite, thereby disrupting deoxythymidylate synthesis and ultimately blocking DNA and protein synthesis in the parasite.

Pemetrexed disodium hemipenta hydrate (LY-231514 Disodium Hydrate) is a new-type antifolate and antimetabolite for TS, DHFR, and GARFT. The Ki of Pemetrexed Disodium Hydrate for TS, DHFR and GARFT is 1.3 nM, 7.2 nM and 65 nM, respectively.

10-Formyl-5,8-dideazafolic acid (CB3717) is a water-soluble analog of folic acid, also known as folate. Folate is a member of the B-vitamin family, which plays a supporting role in a number of key biochemical reactions in the body, including RNA and DNA synthesis. Made up of pteridine, para-aminobenzoic acid, and glutamate, 10-Formyl-5,8-dideazafolic acid is a compound that inhibits de novo folate metabolism. It induces cell cycle arrest at phase G(1)-S, disrupts repair of cells damaged by radiation, and induces apoptosis.

Raltitrexed (D1694)(IC50 of 9 nM), a thymidylate synthase inhibitor, is used for the inhibition of L1210 cell growth.

Galocitabine (Neofrutulon), a thymidylate synthase inhibitor, is used potentially for the treatment of cancer.

Rac-Belinostat (PX-105684) is a novel hydroxamic acid-type histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor with antineoplastic activity. Belinostat targets HDAC enzymes, thereby inhibiting tumor cell proliferation, inducing apoptosis, promoting cellular differentiation, and inhibiting angiogenesis. This agent may sensitize drug-resistant tumor cells to other antineoplastic agents, possibly through a mechanism involving the down-regulation of thymidylate synthase.

Pemetrexed disodium heptahydrate (LY231514) is an antifolate that inhibits thymidylate synthase (TS), dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), and glycinyl-adenosine 5'-monophosphate (GARMT) with K_i values of 1.3 nM, 7.2 nM, and 65 nM respectively. This inhibits the formation of precursor purine and pyrimidine nucleotides and cancer cell proliferation, making it suitable for research into pleural mesothelioma and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

(R)-Plevitrexed is a less active enantiomer of Plevitrexed. Plevitrexed is an orally active and potent inhibitor of thymidylate synthase (TS).

Plevitrexed is taken up via the α-folate receptor as well as the reduced folate carrier. Plevitrexed is an orally active and effective thymidylate synthase (TS) inhibitor (Ki: 0.44 nM). Plevitrexed is used for gastric cancer in clinical.

(Rac)-Plevitrexed is a racemate of Plevitrexed. Plevitrexed is an orally active and potent inhibitor of thymidylate synthase (TS).