poisoning

3,5-Dimethoxyphenol (Phloroglucinol dimethyl ether) as a marker of Taxus poisoning, being present in all species of Taxus. It has potent tyrosinase-inhibiting activity.

Anisodamine (6-beta-Hydroxyhyoscyamine) is an antagonist of muscarinic and nicotinic cholinoceptor with similar affinities at the muscarinic receptor as scopolamine and atropine. Anisodamine improve the microcirculation in states of shock and can be used in studies about organophosphate poisoning.

HBED (CHELII) is an iron chelator and can be used in research on the treatment of chronic iron overload and acute iron poisoning.

Norathiol (N-methyl-N-dithiocarboxyglucamine) is an antidote for cadmium poisoning and a metal chelator that promotes the excretion of 109Cd and can be used in the treatment of cadmium poisoning.

3,5-Dichloroaniline is a toxic compound. Poisoning can occur if swallowed, upon skin contact, or through inhalation. It is mainly used in the synthesis of pesticides and pharmaceuticals, serving as an intermediate for fungicides such as procymidone, iprodione, vinclozolin and dimethachlon. It is also applied in the synthesis of certain herbicides and plant growth regulators. In the pharmaceutical field, it can be used to prepare quinoline antimalarial drugs and the like. Additionally, it acts as an intermediate for azo dyes and pigments.

Fomepizole (4-Methylpyrazole) is used as an antidote in confirmed or suspected methanol or ethylene glycol poisoning. Fomepizole(4-Methylpyrazole) is a competitive inhibitor of alcohol dehydrogenase, the enzyme that catalyzes the initial steps in the metabolism of ethylene glycol and methanol to their toxic metabolites.

Pralidoxime Chloride (2-PAM chloride) is a useful agent in the treatment of organophosphate poisoning. Pralidoxime binds to organophosphate-inactivated acetylcholinesterase, used to combat poisoning by organophosphates or acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (nerve agents).

Bemegride (3-Ethyl-3-methylglutarimide), a central nervous system stimulant, serves as an antidote for barbiturate poisoning.

Sucrose octaacetate is an acetylated derivative of sucrose used as a food additive, binder, and plasticizer. It is also incorporated in many pesticides, insecticides, and other toxic products as a deterrent to accidental poisoning.

Sodium Thiosulfate Pentahydrate is an inorganic salt with reducing properties, primarily used for treating cyanide poisoning, alleviating chemotherapy side effects, and neutralising chlorine gas.

Edetate Sodium is an agent of a Chelating Agent.

Edetate calcium disodium(EDTA calcium disodium) , a chelating agent, is primarily used for the management of severe lead poisoning.

Thiamine monochloride (Vitamin B1) is an essential vitamin with erythropoietic, glucose-regulatory, antioxidant, and mood-regulatory properties. It inhibits lead-induced lipid peroxidation, preventing lead poisoning, and plays a crucial role in cellular energy production from ingested food while enhancing normal neuronal activity.

Obidoxime dichloride is a detoxifying agent for organophosphorus poisoning, enhancing the positive inotropic effect of phosphamidon on isolated working rat hearts.

Rebeccamycin is an antitumor antibiotic+ inhibits DNA topoisomerase I. Rebeccamycin appears to exert its primary antineoplastic effect by poisoning topoisomerase I. It also has a negligible effect on protein kinase C and topoisomerase II.

L-Penicillamine is a medication primarily. It is used for the treatment of Wilson's disease. It is also used for people with kidney stones who have high urine cystine levels, rheumatoid arthritis, copper poisoning, and lead poisoning.

MiADMSA (Monoisoamyl DMSA) is a lipophilic chelating agent that has shown potential as a chelator/detoxifier for arsenic and several heavy metals, including lead, mercury, cadmium, and gallium arsenide. It mitigates oxidative stress induced by sodium tungstate and improves liver and immune system alterations caused by chronic copper poisoning in Sprague Dawley rats. Additionally, MiADMSA protects human keratinocytes ['HaCaT'] from arsenic-induced oxidative stress.

Trimedoxime is a cholinesterase activator frequently utilized as an antidote for alkyl phosphate poisoning.

UNBS3157 is a novel naphthalimide derivative that is non-hematotoxic and exhibits significant antitumor activity through DNA intercalation and the poisoning of topoisomerase IIalpha. Unlike Amonafide, a related naphthalimide compound that showed activity in Phase II breast cancer trials but did not proceed to Phase III due to dose-limiting myelotoxicity, UNBS3157 has a maximum tolerated dose 3-4 times higher and does not cause hematotoxicity in mice at effective antitumor doses. In vivo models, including (i) L1210 mouse leukemia, (ii) MXT-HI mouse mammary adenocarcinoma, and (iii) human A549 non-small cell lung carcinoma and BxPC3 pancreatic cancer orthotopic models, demonstrate superior efficacy of UNBS3157 compared to Amonafide.

Sulfanegen is a prodrug of 3-mercaptopyruvate and serves as a cyanide antidote. It converts toxic cyanide into a relatively non-toxic compound. Sulfanegen demonstrates detoxification efficacy in mouse models of cyanide poisoning, either on its own or in combination with Cobinamide.

Opioid receptor antagonist2 (Compound 9) is a potent opioid receptor antagonist. It can reverse fentanyl analog-induced respiratory depression and vocal cord closure in mice. Opioid receptor antagonist2 holds promise for research on acute poisoning scenarios, such as respiratory depression resulting from opioid overdose.

Physostigmine is an alkaloid extracted from the poison bean (Physostigma venenosum) and acts as a reversible acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor. Physostigmine inhibits the action of acetylcholinesterase, increasing acetylcholine levels, and thus serves as an antidote for anticholinergic poisoning. Physostigmine crosses the blood-brain barrier and stimulates central cholinergic neurotransmission. Physostigmine can reverse memory deficits in transgenic mice with Alzheimer's disease.

Avizafone (Pro-diazepam) dihydrobromide is a prodrug of diazepam with anticonvulsant properties. It serves as an antidote for neurotoxic agent poisoning. In the body, avizafone dihydrobromide is rapidly hydrolyzed by aminopeptidases to produce lysine and diazepam. The compound is studied in the context of neurological disorders, such as epilepsy.

Pralidoxime Iodide is an effective AChE reactivator and antidote for organophosphorus poisoning, reactivating AChE inhibited by nerve agents through nucleophilic attack on the phosphorus centre of the neurotoxin.