influenza b

Zanamivir (GG167) is a guanido-neuraminic acid that is used to inhibit NEURAMINIDASE.

BMY-27709 is an influenza virus growth inhibitor with an IC50 value of 3-8 μM against A WSN 33 virus growth and demonstrates inhibitory activity against certain subtypes of influenza viruses. BMY-27709 acts early in H1 and H2 virus infections by inhibiting hemagglutinin proteins but has no effect on H3 subtype viruses and influenza B Lee 40 viruses.

Oseltamivir phosphate (GS 4104) is a neuraminidase (NA) inhibitor with oral activity. Oseltamivir phosphate has antiviral activity and is effective against a wide range of influenza viruses, inhibiting mature influenza viruses from breaking away from host cells.

Sodium copper chlorophyllin B exerts antiviral activities against Influenza virus and HIV.

β-Cyclodextrin (NSC 269471) is a member of the class of compounds known as oligosaccharides.

Geniposide is an iridoid glycoside with a variety of biological activities including neuroprotective, anti-diabetic, antiproliferative, and antioxidative activity. Geniposide has been shown to regulate Nrf2 translocation.

Peramivir Trihydrate (RWJ-270201) is a neuraminidase inhibitor (IC50: 0.09 nM) which prevents normal processing of virus particles such that virus particles are not released from infected cells. Peramivir Trihydrate is a cyclopentane derivative with activity against influenza A and B viruses.

Loratadine (SCH 29851) is a second-generation histamine H1 receptor antagonist used in the treatment of allergic rhinitis and urticaria. Unlike most classical antihistamines (HISTAMINE H1 ANTAGONISTS) it lacks central nervous system depressing effects such as drowsiness.

Baloxavir marboxil (S-033188) is a novel cap-dependent endonuclease inhibitor designed for the treatment of influenza A and B virus infections.

Hesperadin(IC50=250 nM) effectively inhibits Aurora B. It potently reduces the activity of AMPK, MAPKAP-K1, MKK1, Lck, CHK1 and PHK, but it could not inhibit MKK1 activity in vivo.

3,4-Dicaffeoylquinic acid (Isochlorogenic acid B) has antioxidant activity.

Cynaroside (Luteolin 7-O-Glucoside) is a flavone, a flavonoid-like chemical compound. It has an anti-oxidant effect, inhibiting lipid and protein oxidation.

1, 2, 3, 4, 6-Pentagalloylglucose (Penta-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose) and gallic acid from Pistacia lentiscus have antimutagenic and antioxidant activities. 2. 1, 2, 3, 4, 6-Penta-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose (PGG) possesses potent anti-proliferative and anti-invasive effects, it also has inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 activity. 3. PGG may serve as a model for the development of new types of anti-diabetic and anti-metabolic syndrome therapeutics. 4. 1, 2, 3, 4, 6-Penta- O -galloyl-β- d -glucose has vasodilatory and anti-inflammatory effects, it dilates vascular smooth muscle and suppresses the vascular inflammatory process via endothelium-dependent nitric oxide (NO) cGMP signaling. 5. 1, 2, 3, 4, 6-Penta-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose can decrease the level of extracellular hepatitis B virus (HBV) (IC5, 1. microg ml) in a dose-dependent manner, it also can reduce the HBsAg level by 25% at a concentration of 4 microg ml; the gallate structure of PGG may play a critical role in the inhibition of anti-HBV activity, suggests that PGG could be a candidate for developing an anti-HBV agent. 6. 1, 2, 3, 4, 6-Penta-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose has anti-parasitic activity, displays an EC5 value of 67 μM, at least 6.6-fold more effective than the standard drug benznidazole against trypomastigote forms of T. cruzi.

Oxymatrine (Oxysophoridine) is an alkaloid isolated from Sophora flavescens, used as the antibiotic. It is a traditional Chinese medicine used in the treatment against hepatitis B virus.It can also inhibit iNOS expression and TGF - β Smad pathway.

RN-18 antagonizes Vif function and inhibits HIV-1 replication only in the presence of A3G. RN-18 increases cellular A3G levels in a Vif-dependent manner and increases A3G incorporation into virions without inhibiting general proteasome-mediated protein degradation. RN-18 enhances Vif degradation only in the presence of A3G, reduces viral infectivity by increasing A3G incorporation into virions and enhances cytidine deamination of the viral genome.

2′-Deoxy-2′-fluoroguanosine is a nucleoside analog that potently inhibits influenza virus A and B strains(EC90 <0.35 μM). 2'-Deoxy-2'-fluoroguanosine is an inhibitor of influenza virus replication in the upper respiratory tract, improving fever and nasal inflammation.

Amitivir (LY 217896) is an inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase inhibitor. Amitivir inhibits the replication of dividing MDCK cells. Amitivir was associated with asymptomatic rises in serum uric acid levels and was ineffective in modifying the virologic or clinical course of experimental influenza A (H1N1) virus infection.

Cap-dependent endonuclease-IN-8 is a potent inhibitor of cap-dependent nucleic acid endonucleases (CEN) that effectively inhibits the replication of orthomyxoviruses, including influenza A, B, and C.

HSP90-IN-14 (compound 4) is an effective Hsp90 inhibitor (Kd=0.26 μM). In MDCK cells, HSP90-IN-14 demonstrated anti-influenza virus activity with EC50 values of 2.6 μM against influenza A H3N2, 3.9 μM against A H1N1, and 17 μM against the B virus.

Glycitin (Glycitein 7-O-β-glucoside), a natural isoflavone isolated from legumes, promotes the proliferation of bone marrow stromal cells and osteoblasts while suppressing bone turnover.

Asebotin shows anti-influenza A virus activity, it also possesses potent antiviral activity (100% inhibition at the concentration of 1 ug mL) against highly pathogenic avian influenza strain H5N1. Asebotin can inhibit the proliferation of murine B cells.

CEF8, Influenza Virus NP (383-391), is an influenza A virus nucleoprotein containing residues 383 to 391, and it is the most important HLA-B*2705-restricted epitope in the nucleoprotein of influenza A viruses, associated with escape from cytotoxic T lymphocytes-mediated immunity. [HLA-B*3501 restricted influenza virus nucleoprotein epitope (383-391).]

ATV03 is an antiviral agent exhibiting potent activity against both type A and type B influenza viruses. It inhibits the type A (H3N2) and type B influenza viruses with EC50 values of 0.78 nM and 2.02 nM, respectively. The mechanism of action of ATV03 involves the inhibition of the polymerase acidic protein (PA) and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), as well as the disruption of nucleoprotein, thereby exerting its antiviral effects against influenza.

DPQ is an antiviral compound. DPQ has also been shown to bind to a widened RNA major groove at the internal loop. DPQ acts against the H1N1 and H3N2 strains of influenza A as well as influenza B.