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Sacubitril/Valsartan (LCZ696) is an orally bioavailable, dual angiotensin II receptor and neprilysin inhibitor for the treatment of hypertension and heart failure.

ARN 077 is a selective N-acylethanolamine acid amidase (NAAA) inhibitor (IC50: 7 nM for human NAAA). ARN 077 significantly increases palmitoyl ethanolamine (PEA) levels within the CNS.

ARN-6039, an orally available inverse agonist of RORγ, targets Autoimmune Neuroinflammatory Demyelinating Disease. Its efficacy was demonstrated in a RORγ-activated IL-17A Prom/LUCPorter assay in HEK 293 cells (360 nM) and in IL-17 release from CD4+T cell assays (220 nM).

ARN-21934 is a potent, highly selective, blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetrant inhibitor for human topoisomerase II α over β. It inhibits DNA relaxation with an IC50 of 2 μM, compared to 120 μM for Etoposide. ARN-21934 exhibits favorable in vivo pharmacokinetic properties and shows promise in anticancer research, displaying affinity for topoIIα with an IC50 of 2 μM and for topoIIβ with an IC50 of 120 μM. It demonstrates activity against human cancer cell lines including melanoma (A375: 12.6 μM, G-361: 8.1 μM), breast (MCF7: 15.8 μM), endometrial (HeLa: 38.2 μM), lung (A549: 17.1 μM), and prostate (DU145: 11.5 μM) cancer cells. Following a single intraperitoneal injection of 10 mg/kg, ARN-21934 achieves a peak plasma concentration of 0.68 μg/mL in 15 minutes, with a half-life of 149 minutes, and remains detectable in plasma and the brain for up to 360 minutes. [1] Jose Antonio Ortega, et al. Novel, Potent, and Druglike Tetrahydroquinazoline Inhibitor That Is Highly Selective for Human Topoisomerase II α over β. J Med Chem. 2020 Nov 12;63(21):12873-12886.

ARN-3236 is an orally active and selective inhibitor of salt-inducible kinase 2 (SIK2), with IC50 values of <1 nM for SIK2, 21.63 nM for SIK1, and 6.63 nM for SIK3. ARN-3236 exhibits anti-cancer activity.

ARN 14494 is a potent serine palmitoyltransferase inhibitor (SPT; IC50 = 27.3 nM). ARN 14494 inhibits synthesis of long chain ceramides and dihydroceramides in an in vitro model of Alzheimer's diease. The compound prevents the synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines and the oxidative stress-related enzymes iNOS and COX-2 in mouse primary cortical astrocytes. ARN 14494 is neuroprotective against β-amyloid 1-42 induced neurotoxicity in primary cortical neurons co-cultured with astrocytes.

ARN 11391 enhances the function of the IP3-gated calcium channel ITPR1 (Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) receptor type 1), boosting intracellular calcium ion signaling by directly targeting ITPR1. Furthermore, ARN 11391 amplifies calcium signaling in cells with mutant ITPR1 linked to SCA29, a variant of spinocerebellar ataxia.

Farnesyl Pyrophosphate ammonium (Farnesyl diphosphate ammonium) is a metabolic intermediate of the MVA pathway that acts as a newly identified danger signal to trigger acute cell death and induce neuronal loss in stroke.

ARN25068 is a potent inhibitor of GSK-3β, FYN, and DYRK1A protein kinases, exerting its activity in the sub-micromolar range. This compound effectively addresses tau hyperphosphorylation [1].

Gedocarnil(ZK 113315) may be used to study diseases of the central nervous system.

Foscarnet sodium (Phosphonoformate) is an antiviral agent used in the treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis. Foscarnet also shows activity against human herpesviruses and HIV.

DL-Carnitine (Carnitina) is the constituent of liver and striated muscle. In therapeutically It is used to stimulate pancreatic and gastric secretions and to treat hyperlipoproteinemias.

L-Carnitine (L(-)-Carnitine) is an amino acid derivative. L-Carnitine facilitates long-chain fatty acid entry into mitochondria, delivering substrate for oxidation and subsequent energy production. Fatty acids are utilized as an energy substrate in all tissues except the brain.

Levocarnitine propionate hydrochloride (ST-261) is used for the treatment of the deterioration of renal function, congestive heart failure, intermittent claudication, and other diseases.

L-Carnitine hydrochloride ((R)-Carnitine hydrochloride) is a highly polar small zwitterionic molecule that functions as an essential cofactor for mitochondrial β-oxidation. L-Carnitine hydrochloride facilitates the transport of long-chain fatty acyl-CoAs into mitochondria for subsequent degradation via β-oxidation, thereby supporting cellular energy metabolism. L-Carnitine hydrochloride also displays antioxidant activity and can mitigate metabolic imbalances associated with numerous inborn errors of metabolism, positioning it as an important agent in metabolic research.

D-Carnitine hydrochloride ((S)-Carnitine Hydrochloride) is a component of striated muscle and liver, used therapeutically to stimulate gastric and pancreatic secretions and to treat hyperlipoproteinemias.

Acetyl-L-carnitine hydrochloride (Acetyl L-carnitine hydrochloride) is a nutritional supplement composed of the hydrochloride salt form of the acetylated form of the endogenously produced L-carnitine, with potential neuroprotective, cognitive-enhancing, anti-depressive and immunomodulating activities. It may also relieve peripheral neuropathy induced by chemotherapy, diabetes or other diseases. In addition, acetyl-L-carnitine may modulate the immune response by increasing T-lymphocytes maturation and may downregulate pro-inflammatory cytokines in response to viruses, such as SARS-CoV-2. It may also disrupt the ACE2 signaling pathway and inhibit the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS).

Carnosic acid is a lipid absorption inhibitor, endowed with antioxidative, antimicrobial, photoprotective potential, and antiproliferative properties.

(±)-Carnitine chloride (Monocamin) is a quaternary ammonium compound biosynthesized from the amino acids lysine and methionine.

Gefarnate is a synthetic compound used for the treatment of gastric ulcers,and also used in the treatment of dry eye syndrome.

Farnesol is a natural product, has the activity in inhibiting bacteria.

Farnesyl acetate (Farnesyl Acetate (mixture of isomers)) is a flavouring compound identified in foods such as blueberries.

(E)-β-Farnesene (trans-β-Farnesene) is a sesquiterpene hydrocarbon found in Phlomis aurea Decne, serving as the primary component of many aphid alarm pheromones that disrupt feeding. It also impairs the development and survival of Chilo suppressalis larvae by disrupting their hormone balance.

Farnesylacetone ((5E,9E)-6,10,14-Trimethylpentadeca-5,9,13-trien-2-one) is a marine derived natural products found in Sargassum micracanthum.