adhd

Bavisant (JNJ-31001074) is a selective and orally active Human H3 receptor antagonist. Bavisant can be used in research on mechanisms of action, involving wakefulness and cognition and the treatment for ADHD.

Droxidopa (L-DOPS) is an effective orally active norepinephrine precursor capable of crossing the blood-brain barrier. It can increase standing blood pressure, improve symptoms of orthostatic hypotension, and enhance standing ability. Droxidopa is commonly used in studies of neurogenic orthostatic hypotension (nOH) and alternative treatments for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Guanfacine hydrochloride (Intuniv) is a centrally acting antihypertensive agent with specificity towards ADRENERGIC ALPHA-2 RECEPTORS.

Brilaroxazine (RP5063) is a potent multimodal dopamine/5-HT modulator. Brilaroxazine is a partial agonist of dopamine D2, D3, and D4 receptors, 5-HT1A (Ki =1.5 nM) and 5-HT2A (Ki = 2.5 nM), and has antagonist activity 5-HT2B, and 5-HT7 receptors with Kis of 0.19 nM and 2.7 nM, respectively. Brilaroxazine can be used for research about cognitive impairments in neuropsychiatric and neurological diseases.

NADH disodium salt (Disodium NADH) hydrate is the reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) that can donate electrons in a reducing reaction, becoming oxidized to produce NAD+. Various enzymes utilize NADH disodium salt hydrate plus H+ to reduce substrates, generating NAD+ and the reduced product.

ethyl 4-chloro-2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylate inhibits NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase 1.

IM-156 acetate, an activator of NADH dehydrogenase (IC50=2.2 μM) and AMP-activated protein kinase alpha (AMPKα), is an orally available and bioavailable inhibitor of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos).IM-156 acetate increases AMPKα activity and inhibits chlorhexadiene-induced peritoneal fibrosis and inhibit tumor growth in rats .

Proguanil hydrochloride (Chloroquanil) is a biguanide compound which metabolizes in the body to form cycloguanil, an anti-malaria agent.Upon hydrolysis, Proguanil hydrochloride is converted to its active cyclic triazine metabolite, cycloguanil, by a cytochrome P450 dependent reaction. Cycloguanil selectively inhibits the bifunctional dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase of plasmodium parasite, thereby disrupting deoxythymidylate synthesis and ultimately blocking DNA and protein synthesis in the parasite.

Pyridaben is a METI acaricide that inhibits mitochondrial electron transport at complex I (METI; Ki = 0.36 nmol/mg protein in rat brain mitochondria).

NADH disodium salt hydrate, also known as Disodium NADH hydrate, functions as an orally active reduced coenzyme. It serves as a donor of ADP-ribose units in ADP-ribosylation reactions and acts as a precursor to cyclic ADP-ribose. Additionally, it contributes to cellular energy metabolism by acting as a renewable electron donor in processes such as glycolysis, β-oxidation, and the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle [1].

AR-08 is a potent α2-adrenergic receptor agonist for the study of ADHD and attention deficit.

(R)-PF-04822163 is an isomer of PF-04822163. PF-04822163 is an oral, selective PDE1 inhibitor that can cross the blood-brain barrier. PF-04822163 can be used in studies about nervous system disorders such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and Parkinson’s disease.

Protriptyline Hydrochloride is the hydrochloride salt form of protriptyline, a tricyclic secondary amine with an antidepressant property. Protriptyline hydrochloride (Protriptyline HCl) blocks the re-uptake of norepinephrine and serotonin by nerve terminals, thereby increasing available norepinephrine and serotonin. In addition, this agent exhibits anticholinergic activity.

Sofiniclin (ABT 894) is an agonist of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR). It is used for the research for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Bavisant dihydrochloride hydrate (JNJ31001074AAC) is a highly selective, orally active antagonist of the human H3 receptor with a novel mechanism of action related to wakefulness and cognition, and it has potential as a treatment for ADHD. In a clinical trial, the mean change from baseline in the total ADHD-RS-IV score at day 42 was -8.8 in the placebo group versus -9.3, -11.2, and -12.2 in the bavisant 1 mg/day, 3 mg/day, and 10 mg/day groups, respectively; however, the change in the 10 mg/day group was not statistically superior to placebo (p=0.161). Statistical comparisons of the 1 mg/day and 3 mg/day groups with placebo based on a step-down closed testing procedure were not performed. Bavisant has completed a phase II ADHD trial, but no results have been reported [1]. Clinical trial: A Study to Characterize the Pharmacokinetics and Effect of Food on JNJ-31001074 in Healthy Volunteers. Phase 2. IC50 Value: Target: H3 receptor in vitro.

Potassium Channel Activator 1 can be used in studies about the treatment of disorders or conditions wherein the dopaminergic system is disrupted such as mood disorders ADHD, schizophrenia, and other psychotic states.

GSK3-IN-9 (0713) is a selective inhibitor of glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3). It holds potential for research into fragile X syndrome, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), childhood epilepsy, intellectual disabilities, diabetes, acute myeloid leukemia (AML), autism, and mental disorders.

Atomoxetine (HSDB 7352) is a selective norepinephrine inhibitor that may cause an increase in blood pressure by increasing norepinephrine concentrations in peripheral sympathetic neurons .Atomoxetine is a highly selective antagonist of presynaptic norepinephrine transporters with little or no affinity for other norepinephrine receptors or other neurotransmitter transporters or receptors, but has little or no affinity for 5- hydroxytryptamine transporter. Atomoxetine selectively inhibits reuptake of norepinephrine and can be used to treat adolescents with ADHD and chronic tics.

5-HT1A antagonist 2 (example 1) is a 5-HT1A receptor antagonist that can be used to investigate depression or attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Reboxetine (Norebox) is an antidepressant drug used in the treatment of clinical depression, panic disorder and ADD/ADHD. Its mesylate (i.e. methanesulfonate) salt is sold under trade names including Edronax, Norebox, Prolift, Solvex, Davedax or Vestra. Reboxetine has two chiral centers, but it only exists as two enantiomers, (R, R)-(-)- and (S, S)-(+)-reboxetine.

Edivoxetine( LY2216684) is a selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor being developed as a treatment for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and antidepressants.

Guanfacine-13C,15N3is intended for us as an internal standard for the quantification of guanfacine by GC- or LC-MS. Guanfacine is an α2-adrenergic receptor (α2-AR) agonist with Kivalues of 93, 1,380, and 3,890 nM for α2A-, α2B-, and α2C-ARs, respectively, in a radioligand binding assay.1It has EC50values of 52, 288, and 602 nM for α2A-, α2B-, and α2C-ARs, respectively, for stimulated [35S]GTPγS binding. It also binds to imidazoline receptor 1 (Ki= 19 nM in a radioligand binding assay).2Guanfacine (0.3-5 mg/kg) binds to adrenergic receptors in the central nervous system and lowers blood pressure in hypertensive rats in a dose-dependent manner.3It also improves spatial working memory deficits induced by hypobaric hypoxia in rats.4Formulations containing guanfacine are used in the treatment of high blood pressure and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). 1.Jasper, J.R., Lesnick, J.D., Chang, L.K., et al.Ligand efficacy and potency at recombinant α2 adrenergic receptors: Agonist-mediated [35S]GTPγS bindingBiochem. Pharmacol.55(7)1035-1043(1998) 2.Nikolic, K., Filipic, S., and Agbaba, D.QSAR study of imidazoline antihypertensive drugsBioorg. Med. Chem.16(15)7134-7140(2008) 3.Scholtysik, G.Pharmacology of guanfacineBr. J. Clin. Pharmacol.10(Suppl 1)21S-24S(1980) 4.Kauser, H., Sahu, S., Kumar, S., et al.Guanfacine is an effective countermeasure for hypobaric hypoxia-induced cognitive declineNeuroscience254110-119(2013)

CX 717 is a positive allosteric modulator of the AMPA receptor with antidepressant-like effects and potential use in adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) research [1] [2].

Droxidopa (L-DOPS) hydrochloride is a potent, orally active precursor to norepinephrine that elevates standing blood pressure, mitigates orthostatic hypotension symptoms, and enhances standing capability. It holds promise for research in neurogenic orthostatic hypotension (nOH) and alternative attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) treatments [1] [2] [3] [4].