Lung Injury

Aviptadil Acetate (Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide acetate salt) induces pulmonary vasodilation and inhibits the proliferation of vascular SMCs and platelet aggregation. Avitadil acetate can be used for research on pulmonary fibrosis, pulmonary hypertension (PAH), and respiratory failure caused by SARS-CoV-2.

N-Oleoyl valine is an endogenous N-acyl amine that acts as an antagonist at the transient receptor potential vanilloid type 3 (TRPV3) receptor, which is involved in thermoregulation. N-Oleoyl valine is increased in mice following cold exposure for up to at least 16 days. Acute lung injury in mice increases the concentration of N-Oleoyl valine in lung tissue. N-acyl amines also promote mitochondrial uncoupling.

SN50 is a cell permeable NF-κB translocation inhibitor.

Cyclosporin H (CsH), a specific inhibitor of FPR1, inhibited lung inflammation in the ALI models. CsH significantly attenuated MTDs or NFP-induced inflammatory lung injury and activation of MAPK and AKT pathways. Cyclosporin H is a viral transduction enha

Teduglutide (ALX-0600) is a glucagon-like peptide-2 analog that increases intestinal absorption by promoting mucosal growth and reducing mucosal degradation, improving intestinal recovery. It is used in the study of short bowel syndrome (SBS). Teduglutide activates NR4a1/nur77 expression and FXR signaling, alleviating intestinal dysfunction in mice and improving lung injury, making it useful for studying metabolic and cardiovascular diseases.

Antileukinate is a synthetic hexapeptide with an acetylated amino terminus and an amidated carboxyl terminus that inhibits the binding of CXC chemokines to the chemokine receptor CXCR2. It inhibits IL-8 binding to neutrophils (Ki = 2.7-13 μM), prevents neutrophil chemotaxis and β-glucuronidase release, and blocks IL-8-induced skin edema in rabbits. At 53 mg/kg, antileukinate has been shown to protect mice against acute pancreatitis and associated lung injury.

AMY-101 acetate (Cp40 acetate) is a cyclic peptide, an inhibitor of C3 Complement and an immunomodulator used in the treatment of gingivitis and periodontitis, which significantly reduces inflammation and lowers MMP-8 and MMP-9 levels.AMY-101 acetate also have a palliative effect on covid -19-induced lung inflammation injury and SARS-COV-2-related acute kidney injury in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).

Arginyl-Glutamine (Arg-Gln) is a dipeptide nutritional supplement that protects against hyperoxic lung injury in neonatal mice, reducing VEGF levels and inhibiting retinal neovascularization in a mouse model of oxygen-induced retinopathy, also alleviating lung injury in neonatal mice.

TREM-1 inhibitory peptide M3 acts as a ligand-dependent antagonist of TREM-1, capable of suppressing systemic and pulmonary pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine production, thereby mitigating acute lung injury [1].

eNOS pT495 decoy peptide specifically inhibits T495 phosphorylation, thereby reducing eNOS uncoupling and mitochondrial redistribution. It is utilized in research on ventilator-induced lung injury [1].

HCH6-1 is a competitive Formyl peptide receptor 1 (FPR1) antagonist.

Ac2-26 TFA, an active N-terminal peptide of annexin A1 (AnxA1), attenuates ischemia-reperfusion-induced acute lung injury. Ac2-26 also decreases AnxA1 protein expression, inhibits the activation of NF-κB and MAPK pathways in the injured lung tissue.

Ac2-26, an annexin A1 mimetic peptide, was able to attenuate renal inflammatory injury in a diabetic mouse model through inhibition of p38MAPK/NF-κB, as well as sepsis-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis through the LXA4/PI3K/AKT signalling pathway, and hepatic ischaemia-reperfusion injury in mice by modulating IL-22/IL-22R1/STAT3 signalling pathway.

Ac2-26 acetate is an active N-terminal peptide of annexin A1(AnxA1). Ac2-26 acetate decreases AnxA1 protein expression and inhibits the activation of NF-κB and MAPK pathways in the injured lung tissue. Ac2-26 acetate attenuates ischemia-reperfusion-induced acute lung injury.

AMY-101 TFA is a cyclic peptide that acts as an inhibitor of complement C3 and an immunomodulator, used for the treatment of gingivitis and periodontitis. It significantly reduces inflammation and lowers levels of MMP-8 and MMP-9. AMY-101 TFA also has a mitigating effect on lung inflammation damage in patients with COVID-19-induced ARDS and acute kidney injury associated with SARS-CoV-2.