Myrtales

Punicalagin is a major ellagitannin found in pomegranates that is reported to produce antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects. It has been shown to prevent high-fat diet-induced obesity-associated accumulation of cardiac triglyceride and ch

1,2,3,6-Tetragalloylglucose (TeGG) has antioxidative activity, it also shows the most potent anticomplement activity (IC50 = 34 microM). 1,2,3,6-Tetragalloylglucose is also a potent inhibitor of UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 A1 (UGT1A1, Ki = 1.68 μM).

Chebulinic acid is a potent inhibitor of M. tuberculosis DNA gyrase. It also can inhibit SMAD-3 phosphorylation and H+ K+-ATPase activity.

Punicalin exerts anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, and anti-hepatotoxic activities, it shows inhibitory activity on HIV-1 reverse transcriptase in a dose-dependent manner, with an IC50 of 0.11 microg/ml (0.14 microM).

Pentagalloylglucose (Penta-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose) is a natural product functioning as an apoptosis and autophagy inducer. Possessing oral bioavailability, this compound exhibits diverse pharmacological effects including antiviral and antitumor activities through modulation of the GSK3β/β-catenin and p53 signaling pathways.

1,3,6-Tri-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose (1,3,6-Tri-O-galloylglucose) is a phenolic compound found in Black Walnut Kernels, exhibiting anti-inflammatory activity.

Syringin (eleutheroside-b) is a compound with antitumor, antiproliferative, immunomodulatory and platelet aggregation inhibiting effects.

Chebulagic acid, isolated from the Terminalia chebula Retz, is a COX-LOX dual inhibitor.

Corosolic acid (Colosic acid) contains anti-angiogenic activity that can suppress FAK signaling induced by angiopoietin-1. Corosolic acid exerts anticancer activities against HCC, colon, and colorectal Y cells, by inducing apoptosis and promoting the N-terminal phosphorylation and subsequent proteasomal degradation of β-catenin.

Ellagic acid (Gallogen), a thickened tetracyclic natural product, is a potent CK2 inhibitor (IC50=40 nM; Ki=20 nM) with ATP-competitive properties. Ellagic acid is an antioxidant and also possesses antiproliferative activity.

Dihydrokaempferol (Aromadendrin) is a natural product. It induces apoptosis and inhibits Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL expression, possesses anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-diabetic properties, it exhibits anti-inflammatory activity

Arjunolic acid has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive and anticholinesterasic (AChE and BuChE) activities, it may as promising targets for the development of innovative multi-functional medicines for Alzheimer desease treatment.

Peltatoside is a natural flavonoid that inhibits tyrosinase (IC50 = 46.94 µM) and has potential anti-inflammatory effects.

Eugenol (Allylguaiacol) is a Standardized Chemical Allergen. The physiologic effect of eugenol is by means of Increased Histamine Release and Cell-mediated Immunity.

Chebulic acid, a phenolcarboxylic acid compound isolated from Terminalia chebula, exhibits potent antioxidant activity by breaking protein cross-links induced by advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) and inhibiting AGE formation. It may also counteract AGE-induced endothelial cell dysfunction, suggesting it as a potential intervention for diabetic vascular complications.

Syringic acid (3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxy Benzoic Acid) (SYRA) is a potential antioxidant used in traditional Chinese medicine and is an emerging nutraceutical. It has potential anti-angiogenic, anti-glycating, anti-hyperglycaemic, neuroprotective, and memory-enhancing properties.

1. Guaijaverin (Quercetin-3-Arabinoside) is a urease inhibitor. 2. Guaijaverin has antioxidant activity. 3. Guaijaverin has antibacterial activity against Strep. mutans.

Bergenin (Bengenin) is a polyphenol, which is an effective antinarcotic agent with antioxidant action.

Episyringaresinol 4'-O-β-D-glncopyranoside ((-)-Syringaresinol 4-O-β-D-glucopyranosi) inhibits the proliferation of human promyelocytic HL-6 cells through G(1) arrest and induction of apoptosis, and may be a potential chemotherapeutic agent for cancer treatment.

Globulol shows antimicrobial activity against Xanthomonas vesicatoria and Bacillus subtilis, the IC50 value of 158.0 microg/ mLand 737.2 microg/ mL, respectively.

1. Betulonic acid (Liquidambaric acid) amide stimulated the regenerative response in hepatocytes under conditions of combined toxic exposure and promoted recovery of their qualitative and quantitative characteristics, which was accompanied by a significant decrease in the severity of liver fibrosis and the absence of cirrhotic transformation of the liver. 2. Betulonic acid derivatives have a promising cytostatic activity in vitro and could be used as potential leads for the development of new type of anti-cancer agents. 3. Betulonic acid has antiholestatic effects in mice.

Pachypodol, a methoxyflavonoid isolated from Pogostemon cablin Bentham, has antioxidant and cytoprotective properties and inhibits the growth of CaCo 2 colon cancer cell lines in vitro.Pachypodol protects neonatal rats from anesthesia-induced apoptosis in the developing brain through modulation of the JNK/ERK pathway.PDGFRα kinase inhibitory activity in macrophages exposed to STING agonists.

Guanosine (DL-Guanosine) is a purine nucleoside formed from a beta-N9-glycosidic bond between guanine and a ribose ring, and is essential for metabolism.

Lawsone (Hennotannic acid) (2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone), also known as hennotannic acid, is a red-orange dye present in the leaves of the henna plant (Lawsonia inermis) as well as in the flower of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes).