lifespan

Parishin (Parishin A) A is isolated from the rhizomes of Gastrodia elata. It has good neuroprotective effects against brain disorders.

Cyclogalegenin (Astramembrangenin) is able to elongate telomeres, resulting in increased lifespan of the animals.

Qingyangshengenin B (Otophylloside B) is a C-21 steroidal glycoside isolated from Qingyangshen. Qingyangshengenin B protects against Aβ toxicity, which decreases Aβ deposition by decreasing the expression of Aβ at the mRNA level. Qingyangshengenin B has antiepileptic and anti-aging effects, it can extend lifespan, increase heat stress-resistance, delay body paralysis, and increase the chemotaxis response in C. elegans models of Alzheimer's disease. Otophylloside B can suppress the seizure-like locomotor activity caused by pentylenetetrazole in zebrafish.

Ascr#7, an ascaroside-based hormonal compound, plays a significant role in nematode physiology. It is specifically expressed throughout the various stages of nematode development. Notably, ascarosides exhibit the capability to initiate the formation of dauer larvae, which are characterized by their long lifespan and exceptional stress resistance.

Mycothiazole is an inhibitor of mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) complex I. It exhibits cytotoxicity in cancer cells Huh7 (IC50 of 55.8 μM), U87, and MCF7. In Huh7 cells, Mycothiazole induces apoptosis (apoptosis). Additionally, Mycothiazole extends the lifespan of C. elegans by modulating transcription factors ATFS-1 and HSF1, which are associated with the unfolded protein response (UPR) and heat shock response (HSR).

AChE-IN-58 (Compound 3) is an acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor. It has the ability to extend the average lifespan of CL4176 nematodes, delay Aβ1-42-induced paralysis, enhance locomotor activity, and mitigate glutamate (Glu)-induced neurotoxicity.

Withanolide A extends the lifespan in human EGFR-driven cancerous Caenorhabditis elegans.