chromophore

Coenzyme FO, a deazaflavin chromophore, is essential as a hydride acceptor donor in the central methanogenic pathway [1][2].

All-trans-retinal (Vitamin A aldehyde) is a one of the major vitamin A metabolites in the retina. All-trans-RAL is regenerated to the visual chromophore, 11-cis-retinal in physiological conditions.

Pyridinium bisretinoid A2E (A2E) is a fluorescent chromophore isolated from lipofuscin in retinal pigment epithelium, a lipophilic cation and weak photosensitizer with cytotoxicity. A2E promotes apoptosis under blue light exposure and induces autophagy under photoactivation, damaging membrane integrity in a concentration-dependent manner.

11-cis Retinal is a chromophore that binds to opsin in the mammalian visual system as an inverse agonist forming the inactive conformation of rhodopsin. When 11-cis retinal absorbs a photon of light, it isomerizes to form all-trans retinal beginning the phototransduction cycle, which is the basis for mammalian vision. A G121L mutation in opsin allows 11-cis retinal to bind as a partial agonist and activate rhodopsin in the absence of light. In a moth model of carotenoid deficiency-induced low visual sensitivity, 11-cis retinal application to compound eyes restored visual sensitivity almost completely.

Cysteine thiol probe (Methyl (4-bromobenzoyl)-L-cysteinate) is a chemoselective thiol probe for detection of electrophilic metabolites

Complestatin is a compound extracted from Streptomyces lavendulae mycelia; on acid hydrolysis yields D-4-hydroxyphenylglycine & D-3,5-dichloro-4-hydroxyphenylglycine & acidic chromophore; inhibits gp120-CD4 binding. It is isolated from the culture broth of Streptomyces and has anti-HIV-1 activity. It has a role as a metabolite, an antimicrobial agent and an anti-HIV-1 agent.

Phycocyanobilin (PCB), a linear open-chain tetrapyrrole chromophore, is a bilirubin analog with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity for the study of neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease.