c2c12

LDN193189 (LDN-193189) (DM 3189) is a selective BMP signaling inhibitor, inhibiting the transcriptional activity of ALK2 and ALK3 (IC50s: 0.8 0.8 5.3 16.7 nM for ALK1 2 3 6).

DIPQUO hydrochloride is an activator of the bone marker alkaline phosphatase (ALP), with an EC50 of 6.27 μM in C2C12 cells. DIPQUO hydrochloride promotes mouse and human osteoblast differentiation via activation of p38 MAPK-β.

Isoliquiritigenin (ISL) is a flavonoid natural product that inhibits influenza virus replication (EC50=24.7 μM) and aldose reductase activity (IC50=320 nM). Isoliquiritigenin has antitumor activity.

Nobiletin (Hexamethoxyflavone) is a natural polymethoxylated flavone isolated from citrus peels with anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor activities. Nobiletin is practically insoluble (in water) and an extremely weak acidic compound (based on its pKa).

Chlorantraniliprole (Rynaxypyr) is an insecticide. Chlorantraniliprole potently and selectively activates insect ryanodine receptor, with EC50s of 40 nM and 50 nM for Drosophila melanogaster and H. virescens ryanodine receptor, and ∼300-fold more potent than that in the mouse myoblast cell line, C2C12 (EC50, 14 μM).

DIPQUO is an activator of bone marker alkaline phosphatase (ALP). DIPQUO promotes the differentiation of mouse and human osteoblasts by activating p38MAPK-β. The EC50 in C2C12 cells was 6.27 μM.

CP-640186 is an isozyme-nonselective Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase) inhibitor. The IC50s of CP-640186(CP 640186) is 53 nM and 61 nM for rat liver ACC1 and rat skeletal muscle ACC2 respectively.

induces phenotypic differentiation

myomiR-IN-1 is a myomiRs inhibitor that acts by inhibiting the translation of myoD in C2C12 cells without changing the expression level of myoD mRNA and downregulating the expression of differentiation markers.

LDN-193189 2HCl (DM-3189 2HCl) is a selective BMP signaling inhibitor that inhibits ALK1,ALK2,ALK3 and ALK6, showing IC50s of 0.8 nM, 0.8 nM, 5.3 nM, and 16.7 nM, respectively, in kinase assays.LDN-193189 2HCl inhibited the transcriptional activity of BMP type I receptors in C2C12 cells, with IC50s of 5 nM and 30 nM, respectively. LDN-193189 2HCl inhibited the transcriptional activity of BMP type I receptors ALK2 and ALK3 in C2C12 cells, with IC50s of 5 nM and 30 nM, respectively, and was 200-fold more selective for BMP than for TGF-β.

CC260, a selective inhibitor for PI5P4Kα and PI5P4Kβ with Kis of 40 nM and 30 nM respectively, exhibits minimal to no inhibition against other protein kinases like Plk1 and RSK2. It is applicable in the research of cell energy metabolism, diabetes, and cancer[1].

CP-640186 hydrochloride (CP 640186 HCl) is an isozyme-nonselective acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) inhibitor, including rat liver ACC1 (IC50: 53 nM) and rat skeletal muscle ACC2 (IC50: 61 nM); with higher metabolic stability than CP-610431.

IBS008738, a potent TAZ activator, stabilizes TAZ, elevates the unphosphorylated TAZ level, enhances the interaction of MyoD with the myogenin promoter, upregulates gene transcription regulated by MyoD, and competes with myostatin in C2C12 cells. Additionally, IBS008738 promotes myogenesis in C2C12 cells and facilitates muscle repair in a model of muscle injury.

SY-LB-35, a potent bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) receptor agonist, significantly enhances cell number and viability in the C2C12 myoblast cell line. It promotes cell cycle progression, particularly towards the S and G2 M phases. Additionally, SY-LB-35 activates both canonical Smad and non-canonical intracellular signaling pathways, including PI3K Akt, ERK, p38, and JNK [1].

BML-278 is a SIRT1 activator with an EC150 of 1 μM. It increases H3K9 methylation and inhibits H3K9 acetylation in parental and maternal prokaryotes, improving early embryonic development. BML-278 induces cell cycle arrest at the G1 S phase in primary human mesenchymal stromal cells, delaying senescence. It also reduces microtubule protein acetylation in U937 cells and increases mitochondrial density in mouse C2C12 myoblasts.

PTP1B AKR1B1-IN-2 (Compound 7f) is a potent inhibitor targeting both PTP1B and AKR1B1 with IC50 values of 3.2 and 2.1 μM, respectively, and K i values of 4.0 and 0.9 μM. This compound acts as an insulin mimetic and enhances glucose uptake in murine C2C12 myoblasts, making it useful for Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) research [1].

BMP Agonist 1 (compound 2 b) is a small-molecule stimulator of bone morphogenic protein (BMP) signaling, crucial for the differentiation of C2C12 cells. It acts by inhibiting GSK3β and enhancing β-catenin signaling, thereby synergistically modulating Id2 and Id3 expression. This compound is employed in skeletal disease and defect research [1].

4-CF3-TPP-DC is an inert mitochondriotropic carrier that does not induce mitochondrial depolarization or cell death in C2C12 cells.

LXQ46 is an orally effective inhibitor of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) with an IC50 of 0.190 μM. It enhances insulin and leptin signaling pathways in insulin-resistant C2C12 cells. Additionally, LXQ46 improves type 2 diabetes and increases insulin tolerance in mouse models.

NF-κB-IN-17 (Zinc5) is an inhibitor of NF-κB. It inhibits the binding activity of NF-κB DNA in C2C12 cells induced by TNF-α.

MCU-i4 is a novel negative modulator of the MCU, binding MICU1 and impairing muscle cell growth.

Serpentine is an alkaloid found in the roots of Rosa Centifolia that acts as an insulin sensitizer to assist insulin in lowering blood glucose.Serpentine activates the phosphorylation of AMPK, which stimulates glucose uptake by C2C12 cells.Serpentine increases the expression of GSK-3β mRNA in muscle tissues, which enhances glucose uptake.Serpentine also increases glucose production and hepatic gluconeogenesis.Serpentine has a significant effect on glucagon secretion and hepatic gluconeogenesis. Serpentine significantly increased glucagon secretion and hepatic gluconeogenesis. In high-fat diet streptozotocin (HFD STZ)-induced diabetic mice, Serpentine significantly prolonged insulin hypoglycemia, significantly decreased exogenous insulin use, and inhibited endogenous insulin secretion.

KYL peptide is an EphA4 receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (Kd = 0.8 μM); inhibits EphA4-EphrinA5 interactions (IC50 = 6.34 μM). Prevents AβO induced synaptic damage, dendritic spine loss and prevents the blocking of LTP in hippocampal CA3-CA1 transmissions. Exhibits a long half life in cell culture media (8 and 12 hours in PC3 and C2C12 media respectively). Neuroprotective.

KYL acetate is an EphA4 receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (Kd = 0.8 μM); inhibits EphA4-EphrinA5 interactions (IC50 = 6.34 μM). Prevents AβO induced synaptic damage, dendritic spine loss and prevents the blocking of LTP in hippocampal CA3-CA1 transmissions. Exhibits a long half life in cell culture media (8 and 12 hours in PC3 and C2C12 media respectively). Neuroprotective.