Gentianaceae

Jolkinolide B is a bioactive diterpene isolated from the roots of Euphorbia fischeriana Steud. Jolkinolide B induces apoptosis in cancer cells. Jolkinolide B can be used for studies on preventing and treating osteolysis.

1. 6'-O-beta-D-Glucosylgentiopicroside (6'-O-Glucosylgentiopicroside) may have antifungal activity.

1. Loganic acid (Loganate) and geniposide exhibit both sides effect on superoxide generation.

Gentisin is a novel inhibitor of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) proliferation with an IC50 value of 7.84 μM. Gentisin has mutagenic activity.

Amarogentin is mainly extracted from Swertia and Gentiana roots. It plays cemopreventive/therapeutic role during liver carcinogenesis through modulation of cell cycle and apoptosis

Chamaechromone is a natural product isolated from the roots of Stellera chamaejasme L.. Chamaechromone has anti-HBV and insecticidal activity.

Gentiopicroside (Gentiopicrin), a naturally occurring iridoid glycoside, extracted from Gentiana manshurica Kitag, inhibits P450 activity, with an IC50 and a Ki of 61 μM and 22.8 μM for CYP2A6; has antianti-inflammatoryand antioxidative effects.

1. Picfeltarraenin IA (Picfeltarraenin A), IB, IV, X, XI are stronger AChE inhibitions than the known AChE inhibitor Tacrine.

1,3,5,8-Tetrahydroxyxanthone (Desmethylbellidifolin) is a natural xanthone extracted from Gentianella acuta, exhibiting antispasmodic and anti-inflammatory activities. Dimethylbellidifolin shows mutagenicity in Salmonella typhimurium TA100, TA98, TA97, and TA2637 by the preincubation method and significantly inhibits the growth of Staphylococcus aureus at a dose of 200 µg/disk.

Neochamaejasmine B displays nematicidal activity against both Bursaphelenchus xylophilus and Bursaphelenchus mucronatus.

Gentianose is a carbohydrate reserve derived from perennial yellow gentian storage roots.

Roburic acid and phenethyl-trans-ferulate inhibit COX-1 and COX-2.

2,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid (Gentisic acid) is an active metabolite of salicylic acid degradation with a broad spectrum of biological activity, such as anti-inflammatory, antirheumatic and antioxidant properties.

Bellidifolin (Bellidifoline) has anti-oxidation, hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory and antitumor actions, it may contribute to the protective effects associated with nerve injury initiated by hypoxia by mechanisms related to inhibition of cell apoptosis independent of the ERK pathway. Bellidifolin shows interesting inhibitory activity of monoamine oxidases (MAO) A, it could be useful for treating type-2 diabetes, likely via the improvement of insulin resistance (IR). Bellidifolin also shows an antifungal effect (MIC values of 50 microg/mL).

1. Picfeltarraenin IB and Picfeltarraenin IA displayes no cytotoxic activity in vitro human tumor cell line panel.

Norswertianolin, a compound isolated from G. acuta, is a small molecule activator of CSE, which enhances the H-generation 2S activity of CSE and can be used in the study of cardiovascular diseases.

Chamaejasmenin B is a compound isolated from Stellera chamaejasme L. Chamaejasmenin B has anticancer and antitumor activity, inhibiting cancer cell migration and invasion, and inhibiting tumor metastasis.Chamaejasmenin B is used in the study of cancers such as breast cancer.

Isochamaejasmine, isolated from S. chamaejasme L., inhibits NF-κB activation. Isochamaejasmine induces leukemia cell apoptosis by inhibiting the activity of Bcl-2 family proteins and can be used in anti-cancer research.

Hop-17(21)-en-3-ol is a natural product of Gentiana, Gentianaceae. The catalog number is TN4225 and the CAS number is 564-14-7. Hop-17(21)-en-3-ol can be used as a reference standard.

1-Hydroxy-2,3,5-trimethoxyxanthone (HM-1) exhibits vasodilator action through an endothelium-dependent mechanism involving NO and an endothelium-independent mechanism by inhibiting Ca(2+) influx via L-type voltage-operated Ca(2+) channels. A minor contribution to HM-1's effects may stem from inhibiting protein kinase C-mediated release of intracellular Ca(2+) stores. At 1 µg/mL, HM-1 effectively inhibits osteoclast differentiation in co-cultures with mouse osteoblastic calvarial and bone marrow cells and protects mice from acute lung injury induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), likely by increasing IκB-α protein expression and suppressing inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-Ⅱ protein expression.

2-Hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoic acid glucose ester shows a potent antagonistic activity against platelet activating factor (PAF), it can prevent the mice from the PAF-induced death at a dose of 300 micrograms/mouse.

7-Methoxyneochamaejasmine A has a strong inhibitory effect on Festuca rubra L. and Medicago sativa seedlings.

1-Hydroxy-2,3,4,7-tetramethoxyxanthone, with an EC50 value of 6.6±1.4 µM, has vasodilatory action in coronary arteries pre-contracted with 1 µM 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and can effectively inhibit osteoclast differentiation in a co-culture system with mouse osteoblastic calvarial cells and bone marrow cells.