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2′-Deoxy-2′-fluoroguanosine is a nucleoside analog that potently inhibits influenza virus A and B strains(EC90 <0.35 μM). 2'-Deoxy-2'-fluoroguanosine is an inhibitor of influenza virus replication in the upper respiratory tract, improving fever and nasal inflammation.

Clofoctol is a bacteriostatic antibiotic with activity against Gram-positive bacteria, used in the treatment of upper and lower respiratory tract infections.

Phosphorylcholine chloride, an antigenic component found on the surface of numerous commensal and pathogenic bacteria inhabiting the upper airway, is integral to bacterial cell surfaces.

Influenza hemagglutinin is a type of hemagglutinin found on the surface of the influenza viruses. It is an antigenic glycoprotein. It is responsible for binding the virus to the cell that is being infected. Influenza hemagglutinin proteins bind to cells w

Dalapon is a selective herbicide used to control perennial grasses. The major use of dalapon is on food crops including sugarcane and sugar beets. Its use is no longer authorized in France. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health in the

13-epi-12-oxo Phytodienoic acid (13-epi-12-oxo PDA) is a lipoxygenase metabolite of α-linolenic acid in the leaves of green plants such as corn. ω-3 and ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids in plants are substrates for plant lipoxygenases. 12-oxo PDA is one of the best studied end metabolites of this enzymatic pathway. While the initial enzymatic product and major isomer of 12-oxo PDA contains side chains in the cis position, both being β to the ring, the upper side chain attached at C-13, can and frequently does, isomerize when 12-oxo PDA is extracted, isolated, or stored. 13-epi-12-oxo PDA is the product of this isomerization.

Lipoxin B4 is a metabolite of arachidonic acid that inhibits leukocyte infiltration and mucus secretion in the nasal mucosa of the upper respiratory tract, exhibiting mucosal protective effects. It is commonly used in studies of allergic inflammation in the upper and lower respiratory tracts.

Cimetidine sulfoxide (Cimetidine sulphoxide), a metabolite of Cimetidine, is a histamine H2-receptor antagonist with potential applications in treating peptic ulcer disease and upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage [1].

Dehydroandrographolide succinate potassium sodium salt is a natural product from Andrographis paniculata that exerts anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects by inhibiting the production of inflammatory mediators (NO, TNF-α) and regulating immune responses. Dehydroandrographolide succinate exhibits antithrombotic effects. Dehydroandrographolide succinate can be used in research on viral pneumonia and viral upper respiratory tract infections.

Thonzylamine (neohetramine) is an antihistamine and anticholinergic drug. It is available as combination products with Clofedanol or Phenylephrine for temporary relief of symptoms of common cold, hay fever (allergic rhinitis) or other upper respiratory allergies.

Bromopride hydrochloride is the salt form of Bromopride, a dopamine D2 receptor blocker. Bromopride exerts is a gastrointestinal prokinetic exploited clinically for the management of motor disorders of the upper gastrointestinal tract, including functional dyspepsia, gastric stasis of various origins and emesis.

Fusafungine, known commercially as Bioparox, Fusaloyos, and Locabiotal, serves as a potent antibiotic and anti-inflammatory agent effective in oral administration. It shows promise for research related to upper respiratory airways disease (URAD)[1][2].

Cefetamet is a third-generation cephalosporin and broad-spectrum antibiotic. It inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis via PBP binding, effective against various Gram-negative pathogens.

α-Bag Cell Peptide (1-8) is an NH2-terminal fragment of α-bag cell peptide that inhibits LUQ (left upper quadrant) neurons and the depolarization of bag cells [1].

α-Bag Cell Peptide (1-7) is an amino-terminal fragment of the α-bag cell peptide that possesses the ability to inhibit neurons in the left upper quadrant (LUQ) and prevent the depolarization of the bag cells [1].

Des-4-fluorobenzyl Mosapride, the main metabolite of mosapride, acts as a gastroprokinetic agent improving upper gastrointestinal (GI) motility by stimulating the serotonin receptor 4 (5-HT4; EC50= 74.2 nM, in guinea pig ileal longitudinal muscle myenteric plexus). It has been shown to increase colonic motility in dogs, horses, and guinea pigs in vivo. Mosapride, including this metabolite, is utilized in human and veterinary medicine to mitigate post-surgical and Parkinson's-induced constipation.

BAY2925976 is an ADRA2C antagonist that increases the activity of motor neurons in the hypoglossal nerve by antagonizing alpha 2c adrenergic receptors, stabilizing the upper airway and protecting it from constriction and obstruction.

Dodeca-2E,4E,8Z,10Z/E-N-tetraenoic acid isobutylamide (Standard) is a reference standard for research and analysis in studies involving Dodeca-2E,4E,8Z,10Z/E-N-tetraenoic acid isobutylamide. Dodeca-2E,4E,8Z,10Z/E-N-tetraenoic acid isobutylamide, a major alkamide in Echinacea preparations and brain-penetrant, may be explored for research on the common cold and various upper respiratory infections [1].

3-Hydroxy-2-methylglutaric acid is a carboxylic acid metabolite that can be isolated from the plant Veronica incanaL. It is utilized in research related to upper respiratory tract diseases, malignancies, gastrointestinal and urogenital system disorders, as well as diabetes.

Tectol has anti-plasmodial activity, it as a moderately active growth inhibitor with an IC50 3.44±0.20μM. It exhibited significant activity against human leukemia cell lines HL60 and CEM. Tectol may cause itchy dermatitis, the dermatitis appeared on the n

Dodeca-2E,4E,8Z,10Z/E-N-tetraenoic acid isobutylamide, a major alkamide in Echinacea preparations and brain-penetrant, may be explored for research on the common cold and various upper respiratory infections [1].

Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) has the sequence of H-Ser-Leu-Arg-Arg-Ser-Ser-Cys-Phe-Gly-Gly-Arg-OH, is a 28 amino acid peptide. ANP is a powerful vasodilator, and a protein (polypeptide) hormone secreted by heart muscle cells. It is involved in the hom