pro-oxidant

β-Carotene (Provitamin A) is a naturally-occurring retinol (vitamin A) precursor obtained from certain fruits and vegetables with potential antineoplastic and chemopreventive activities. As an anti-oxidant, beta carotene inhibits free-radical damage to DNA.

Atherosperminine shows cholinesterase inhibitory activity against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE). Atherosperminine shows strong anti-plasmodial activity against Plasmodium falciparum, with the IC50 value of 5.80 uM, it also s

1. Raspberry ketone (p-Hydroxybenzyl acetone) is cytotoxic to melanocytes through the binding of RK-derived quinones to thiol proteins and the pro-oxidant activity of the RK-oligomer, the exposure of human skin to RK can cause chemical/occupational leukoderma. 2. Raspberry ketone is marketed on the Internet as a food supplement.

β-Carotene-13C10 (Provitamin A-13C10) is a form of β-Carotene labeled with 13C. It is a carotenoid compound and serves as a natural precursor to vitamin A. This compound acts as a regulator of reactive oxygen species (ROS), exhibiting both antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Depending on its intrinsic characteristics and the redox potential of the biological environment, β-Carotene can function either as an antioxidant or a pro-oxidant. It also possesses anticancer activity, inducing apoptosis in breast cancer cells.

Rhododendrol, (+/-)-, is an aromatic compound that may be useful in the treatment of hepatic diseases. However, this product is a known pro-oxidant which can be toxic to melanocytes.

L-Selenocystine (L-Selenocystine) can be used as a building block in biologically active selenol compounds.

1. Kirenol (Kirel) has anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, and anti-arthritic activities. 2. Kirenol is effective against gram-positive bacteria. 3. Kirenol possesses antitumor action on human chronic myeloid leukemia K562 cells in vitro. 4. Kirenol is capable of promoting osteoblast differentiation in MC3T3-E1 cells through activation of the BMP and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways. 5. Kirenol treatment reduces pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion, increases anti-inflammatory cytokine production, inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis of CII-specific lymphocytes in vitro.

AMP423 is a naphthyl derivative of 2-cyanoaziridine-1-carboxamide with structural similarity to the pro-oxidant anti-tumor agent imexon. AMP423 was active in SCID mice bearing 8226/S myeloma and SU-DHL-6 B-cell lymphoma tumors, with a median tumor growth delay (T-C) of 21 days (P = 0.0002) and 5 days (P = 0.004), respectively, and a median tumor growth inhibition (T/C) of 33.3% (P = 0.03) and 82% (P = 0.01), respectively. In non-tumor-bearing mice, AMP423 was not myelosuppressive.

PAA5, a methide carbon-centered polynuclear gold(I) (Au(I)) cluster, exhibits anticancer activity by releasing Au(I) to induce a pro-oxidant response and accelerated ferroptosis. Additionally, PAA5 increases the expression of pH2AX in a time-dependent manner, further contributing to its anticancer properties [1].

Ganoderic acid T1, a deacetylated derivative of Ganoderic acid T, diminishes mitochondrial membrane potential and triggers cell apoptosis by activating caspase-9 and caspase-3, thus impairing the antioxidant defense system of cancer cells. Additionally, it elevates intracellular ROS levels, yielding pro-oxidant activities and cytotoxicity [1].

4-Methyldaphnetin (DHMC) is a potent inhibitor (low micromolar) of lipid peroxidation and scavengers of superoxide anion radicals and of aqueous alkylperoxyl radicals, but may be pro-oxidant (enhancing generation of hydroxyl radicals) in the presence of free iron ions.2. 4-Methyldaphnetin(7,8-Dihydroxy-4-methylcoumarin) inhibits the proinflammatory 5-lipoxygenase enzyme at micromolar concentrations.

Atranorin (Standard) is a reference standard for research and analysis in studies involving Atranorin. Atranorin shows significant antinociceptive and antiinflammatory activities, it has a relevant redox-active action, acting as a pro-oxidant or antioxidant agent depending on the radical, also, it will exert cytoprotective effects on cells under oxidative stress induced by H(2)O(2).

Kirenol (Standard) is a reference standard for research and analysis in studies involving Kirenol. 1. Kirenol (Kirel) has anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, and anti-arthritic activities. 2. Kirenol is effective against gram-positive bacteria. 3. Kirenol possesses antitumor action on human chronic myeloid leukemia K562 cells in vitro. 4. Kirenol is capable of promoting osteoblast differentiation in MC3T3-E1 cells through activation of the BMP and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways. 5. Kirenol treatment reduces pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion, increases anti-inflammatory cytokine production, inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis of CII-specific lymphocytes in vitro.

Atranorin shows significant antinociceptive and antiinflammatory activities, it has a relevant redox-active action, acting as a pro-oxidant or antioxidant agent depending on the radical, also, it will exert cytoprotective effects on cells under oxidative