lh 2

LH2 peptide is a pH-responsive, cell-penetrating peptide dimer with the amino acid sequence LHHLCHLLHHLCHLAG. It increases uptake in tumor cells in slightly acidic environments (such as the tumor microenvironment) through histidine residue protonation (pKa approximately 6). When conjugated with the anticancer agent paclitaxel to form PTX-LH2, it demonstrates superior tumor inhibition compared to paclitaxel alone in a subcutaneous breast tumor model. LH2 peptide holds promise as a delivery vector for cancer research.

[D-Glp1,D-Phe2,D-Trp3,6]-LH-RH, a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) analogue, acts as a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) receptor antagonist [1].

[D-Phe2,D-Ala6]-LH-RH is a potent luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) antagonist, exhibiting significant activity against LH/FSH-RH and possessing the ability to inhibit ovulation [1].

Kisspeptin-54 is a peptide ligand of the orphan G protein-coupled receptor GPR54 (Kis = 1.81 and 1.45 nM for rat and human receptors, respectively).1 It is a 54 amino acid peptide encoded by the metastasis suppressor gene KISS-1. Kisspeptin-54 induces calcium mobilization in CHO-K1 cells expressing rat and human receptors (EC50s = 1.39 and 5.47 nM, respectively). It also induces arachidonic acid release in CHO cells expressing rat and human GPR54 in a concentration-dependent manner. Kisspeptin-54 (10-1,000 nM) inhibits insulin secretion from isolated mouse pancreatic β-cells in the presence of 2.8 mM, but not 11.1 mM, glucose.2 Kisspeptin-54 (1-5 nmol, i.c.v.) increases serum levels of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicular stimulating hormone (FSH) in mice, an effect which is reversed by the gonadotropin releasing hormone (GNRH) antagonist acycline.3References1. Kotani, M., Detheux, M., Vandenbogaerde, A.L., et al. The metastasis suppressor gene KiSS-1 encodes kisspeptins, the natural ligands of the orphan G protein-coupled receptor GPR54. J. Biol. Chem. 276(37), 34631-34636 (2001).2. Vikman, J., and Ahrén, B. Inhibitory effect of kisspeptins on insulin secretion from isolated mouse islets. Diabetes Obes. Metab. 11(Suppl 4), 197-201 (2009).3. Gottsch, M.L., Cunningham, M.J., Smith, J.T., et al. A role for kisspeptins in the regulation of gonadotropin secretion in the mouse. Endocrinology 145(9), 4073-4077 (2004). Kisspeptin-54 is a peptide ligand of the orphan G protein-coupled receptor GPR54 (Kis = 1.81 and 1.45 nM for rat and human receptors, respectively).1 It is a 54 amino acid peptide encoded by the metastasis suppressor gene KISS-1. Kisspeptin-54 induces calcium mobilization in CHO-K1 cells expressing rat and human receptors (EC50s = 1.39 and 5.47 nM, respectively). It also induces arachidonic acid release in CHO cells expressing rat and human GPR54 in a concentration-dependent manner. Kisspeptin-54 (10-1,000 nM) inhibits insulin secretion from isolated mouse pancreatic β-cells in the presence of 2.8 mM, but not 11.1 mM, glucose.2 Kisspeptin-54 (1-5 nmol, i.c.v.) increases serum levels of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicular stimulating hormone (FSH) in mice, an effect which is reversed by the gonadotropin releasing hormone (GNRH) antagonist acycline.3 References1. Kotani, M., Detheux, M., Vandenbogaerde, A.L., et al. The metastasis suppressor gene KiSS-1 encodes kisspeptins, the natural ligands of the orphan G protein-coupled receptor GPR54. J. Biol. Chem. 276(37), 34631-34636 (2001).2. Vikman, J., and Ahrén, B. Inhibitory effect of kisspeptins on insulin secretion from isolated mouse islets. Diabetes Obes. Metab. 11(Suppl 4), 197-201 (2009).3. Gottsch, M.L., Cunningham, M.J., Smith, J.T., et al. A role for kisspeptins in the regulation of gonadotropin secretion in the mouse. Endocrinology 145(9), 4073-4077 (2004).

Gonadorelin Acetate (33515-09-2 free base) (Luteinizing Hormone Releasing Hormone (LH-RH)) is hypothalamic neuropeptide which plays a key role in the control of reproductive functions.

Spexin TFA, a potent agonist for galanin receptor 2/3 (GAL2/GAL3) with EC50 values of 45.7 and 112.2 nM respectively, shows no significant activity towards galanin receptor 1. As an endogenous peptide promoting satiety, it reduces long chain fatty acid uptake by adipocytes and lowers food consumption in diet-induced obese mice and rats. Additionally, it moderates LH secretion in goldfish and demonstrates anxiolytic effects in vivo.

LH-RH II (chicken), a structural variant of mammalian luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) found in the hypothalamus of the domestic hen, exists as one of two forms of LHRH that enhance gonadotropin release in domestic chickens [1] [2].

Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone-Associated Peptide (GAP) (25-53), Human, also known as hGAP-25-53, is a fragment of the human gonadotropin-releasing hormone-associated peptide that serves as an immunogen for producing antiseras such as MC-1, MC-2, and MC-3. This peptide is connected to the luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) sequence through a 3 amino acid processing site [1].

Prolactin-Releasing Peptide (1-31) (rat) is a ligand for the UHR-1/GRP10 receptor, influencing fasting-induced food intake and increasing plasma levels of LH, FSH, and testosterone in rats [1] [2].

Human Follicular Gonadotropin Releasing Peptide (hF-GRP) is a hormonal peptide that, in vitro, can induce the secretion of pituitary luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) [1] [2].

pGlu-His-Pro-Gly-NH2, also known as Glp-His-Pro-Gly-NH2, is a tetrapeptide that promotes the release of gonadotropin, luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) [1] [2].

Potent galanin receptor 2/3 (GAL2/GAL3) agonist (EC50 values are 45.7 and 112.2 nM, respectively). Exhibits no significant activity at galanin receptor 1. Endogenous satiety-inducing peptide; inhibits long chain fatty acid uptake by adipocytes and decreas

Spexin acetate is a potent galanin receptor 2/3 (GAL2/GAL3) agonist (EC50 values are 45.7 and 112.2 nM, respectively). Exhibits no significant activity at galanin receptor 1. Endogenous satiety-inducing peptide; inhibits long chain fatty acid uptake by ad