cardiac arrhythmias

E 0747 (E0747) is a new antiarrhythmic compound that inhibits arrhythmias by inhibiting Na channels in cardiac cells.

SB-237376 HCl (SB-237376 hydrochloride) is a calcium and potassium channel antagonist used in the treatment of cardiac arrhythmias.

UK 66914 is a K(+) channel blocker for the study of cardiac arrhythmias.

Isbogrel (CV4151) is a small molecule thromboxane A2 synthase (TXA2 synthase) inhibitor that can be used to study cardiac arrhythmias, transient ischemic attacks and thrombosis.

Tolamolol is a selective β-adrenergic blocker that significantly reduces the degree of exercise-induced inhibition of the S-T segment and can be used in the treatment of cardiac arrhythmias.

SB-237376 is a calcium and potassium channel antagonist used to treat cardiac arrhythmias.

Levosemotiadil(SA 3212) is a novel calcium antagonist and a very potent inhibitor of low-density lipoprotein oxidation.Levosemotiadil may be used to prevent lethal cardiac arrhythmias.

Cesium chloride (CsCl) is considered to be the most toxic of the alkali chlorides, inhibiting fungal growth.

O-Desmethyl Quinidine is a novel quinidine analog with significant antiarrhythmic activity and low acute toxicity that may be useful in the treatment of cardiac arrhythmias.

Acebutolol hydrochloride (Acebutolol HCl) acts as a cardioselective beta-adrenergic antagonist with little effect on bronchial receptors and has intrinsic sympathomimetic properties. Acebutolol hydrochloride is the hydrochloride salt form of acebutolol, a synthetic butyranilide derivative with hypotensive and antiarrhythmic activity. Having stabilizing and quinidine-like effects on cardiac rhythm, Acebutolol hydrochloride is used in ventricular arrhythmias. Other indications include hypertension, alone or in combinations with other agents.

Eleclazine hydrochloride (GS 6615 hydrochloride) is a novel inhibitor of late Na+ current (IC50: 0.7 uM).

Xamoterol hemifumarate is a potent and selective β1-adrenoceptor agonist.Xamoterol hemifumarate is a potential compound for the study of the relationship between cardiac arrhythmias and β1-adrenergic stimulation with IKr.

Eleclazine, also known as GS-6615, is a selective late sodium current inhibitor. Eleclazine is potentially useful for treatment of coronary vasodilators, antiarrhythmics and vasodilators. Eleclazin showed a shortening of the QTc interval (the time interval between the start of the Q-wave and end of the T-wave in the heart's electrical cycle) in patients with long QT-3 (LQT3) syndrome. LQT3 is a genetic disorder that prolongs the heart's QTc interval and can cause life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias (abnormal heartbeats).

Deslanoside (Desacetyllanatoside C) is a rapidly acting cardiac glycoside used to treat congestive heart failure and supraventricular arrhythmias associated with reentry mechanisms. It inhibits the Na-K-ATPase membrane pump, increasing intracellular sodium and calcium concentrations.

1'-Hydroxy bufuralol is a metabolite of bufuralol, an orally active β-adrenoceptor blocker used in the study of hypertension and cardiac arrhythmias.

(R)-Propranolol hydrochloride (Dexpropranolol hydrochloride) is the less active enantiomer of the anti-adrenoceptor (β-adrenoceptor) antagonist propranolol. Propranolol is a nonselective β-adrenergic receptor (βAR) antagonist with a high affinity for β1AR and β2AR with Ki values of 1.8 nM and 0.8 nM, respectively.

Ethacizine hydrochloride (NIK-244) has antiarrhythmic activity, and its effects are related to cardiac activity and can be used to study arrhythmias and myocardial infarction.

Ersentilide, a benzamide derivative, functions as both a β1-adrenergic receptor antagonist and an Ikr blocker. It has demonstrated efficacy in animal models of cardiac arrhythmias.

Clamikalant sodium (HMR 1098) is an ATP-dependent potassium channel (KATP) cardiac-selective blocker, used in the study of arrhythmias.

Edrophonium is a rapid-onset, short-acting cholinesterase inhibitor used in cardiac arrhythmias and in the diagnosis of myasthenia gravis. It has also been used as an antidote to curare principles.

Ru360, an oxygen-bridged dinuclear ruthenium amine complex, is a selective mitochondrial calcium uptake inhibitor. Ru360 potently inhibits Ca2+ uptake into mitochondria with an IC50 of 0.184 nM. Ru360 binds to mitochondria with high affinity (Kd of 0.34 nM). Ru360 has antiarrhythmic and cardioprotective effects[1][2]. Ru360 permeates slowly into the cell, and specifically inhibits mitochondrial calcium uptake in intact cardiomyocytes and in isolated heart. 1 μm Ru360 is taken up by myocardial cells and accumulated in the cytosol in a biphasic manner[1]. During pelleting hypoxia, Ru360 (10 µM) significantly improves cell viability in wild type cardiomyocytes[3]. Ru360 (15-50 nmol/kg) treatment abolishes the incidence of arrhythmias and haemodynamic dysfunction elicited by reperfusion in a whole rat model. Ru360 administration partially inhibits calcium uptake, preventing mitochondria from depolarization by the opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP)[1]. [1]. G de J García-Rivas, et al. Ru360, a Specific Mitochondrial Calcium Uptake Inhibitor, Improves Cardiac Post-Ischaemic Functional Recovery in Rats in Vivo. Br J Pharmacol. 2006 Dec;149(7):829-37. [2]. M A Matlib, et al. Oxygen-bridged Dinuclear Ruthenium Amine Complex Specifically Inhibits Ca2+ Uptake Into Mitochondria in Vitro and in Situ in Single Cardiac Myocytes. J Biol Chem. 1998 Apr 24;273(17):10223-31. [3]. Lukas J Motloch, et al. UCP2 Modulates Cardioprotective Effects of Ru360 in Isolated Cardiomyocytes During Ischemia. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2015 Aug 4;8(3):474-82.

Nafazatrom is a pyrazolinone derivative and lipoxygenase inhibitor that increases endogenous prostacyclin (PGI2) and has experimental anticancer activity. Nafazatrom is also an antithrombotic drug that increases prostacyclin levels and reduces the inciden

Acebutolol D7 is a deuterium-labeled Acebutolol. Acebutolol is a selective antagonist of the β1 adrenergic receptor used in the treatment of angina pectoris, hypertension, and cardiac arrhythmias.

Antiarrhythmic agent-1 (example I), functioning as an antiarrhythmic agent and an IKr potassium channel blocker (IC 50 <1 μM), effectively inhibits cardiac arrhythmias.