Aconitum

Use of Deltaline (Eldelin) as versatile antidotes against poisoning of animals and humans.

Karacolinem is a natural product, reduces degradation of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) via the NF-κB signaling pathway.

Hypaconine, a C19-diterpenoid alkaloid isolated from Aconitum and Delphinium spp., exhibits strong cardiac activity.

Songorine (Napellonine) shows favorable anti-tumor activity in preliminary pharmacological verification trials including cell proliferation and molecular docking assays.

Higenamine hydrochloride (norcoclaurine HCl) has been demonstrated to be a β2 adrenoreceptor agonist. Adrenergic receptors, or adrenoceptors, belong to the class of G protein–coupled receptors, and are the most prominent receptors in the adipose membrane, besides also being expressed in skeletal muscle tissue.

Benzoylmesaconine (Mesaconine 14-benzoate) is the most abundant component of Wutou decoction, which is widely used in China because of its therapeutic effect on rheumatoid arthritis. Benzoylmesconine has analgesic activity. Benzoylmesconine may improve the resistance of T6S-mice (or thermally injured mice) to the infection of HSV-1, through the induction of antagonistic CD4+ T cells against burn-associated type-2 T cells.

Hecogenin (Hocogenin), a steroid saponin derived from Agave sisalana, serves as a specific inhibitor for human UDP-glucuronosyltransferases. Notably, it exhibits a broad range of pharmacological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, antifungal, and gastroprotective effects[1].

Neoline is an active ingredient of A. venetum root (PA) that ameliorates oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy in mice.Neoline inhibits Nav1.7 voltage-gated sodium channel currents (VGSC). It can be used as a labeling compound to determine the quality of PA products used in the study of neuropathic pain.

1. Mesaconitine has antiinflammatory activity. 2. Mesaconitine has antinociceptive activity through cyclic AMP and stimulation of the central β-adrenergic system.

Hypaconitine, an active and highly toxic constituent derived from Aconitum species, possesses anti-inflammatory activity and is widely used to treat rheumatism.

Fuziline is a diterpene alkaloid found in Aconitum kusnezoffii and Aconitum carmichaelii.It is functionally related to an aconitane.

Benzoylhypaconine (Benzoylhypacoitine) might be the principal active components which affect mitochondrial growth by Fuzi and its processed products.

1. Yunaconitine (Guayewuanine B) has anti-inflammatory and analgesic actions. 2. Yunaconitine was shown to have anti-thermic effect in pyrexial rats when administered orally at a dose of 5 μg/kg. 3. Yunaconitine shows positive effect in the granuloma inhibition test when it was subcutaneously injected, 1 μg/kg for 6 d, or added directly to the cotton-pellet. 4. Yunaconitine inhibited the increased vascular permeability caused byacetic acid and histamine, the leucocyte migratory response induced by injection of 1 % carrageenin .1 ml in rat's thoracic cavity.

1. Talatisamine (12 μM) and TEA (5mM) inhibits the enhanced I(K) caused by Aβ4 oligomers, attenuates cytotoxicity of Aβ oligomers by restoring cell viability and suppressing K(+) loss related apoptotic response. 2. Talatisamine can therefore be considered

Lappaconitine ((+)-Lappaconitine), isolated from Aconitum sinomontanum Nakai, was characterized as an analgesic.

Benzoylaconine (Isaconitine) is an alkaloid in the Chinese traditional medicine Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata (Fuzi). Benzoylaconine and aconitine can induce reproductive toxicity in BeWo Cell, the amino acid metabolism was the main metabolic pathway and responsible for the placental and fetal toxicity of them.

Ranaconitine is an important diterpenoid alkaloid from Aconitum sinomontanum Nakai,ranaconitine has cardiotoxicity.

Bulleyaconitine A (Bulleyaconi cine A), an analgesic and antiinflammatory drug isolated from Aconitum plants, has several potential targets, such as voltage-gated Na+ channels.

12- Epinapelline is a diterpene alkaloid which displays anaesthetic activity as toxic neurological agents. Similar to aconitine, its suggested that modulation of voltage gated Na+ channels are responsible for these observations.

1. Bullatine A, a diterpenoid alkaloid of the genus Aconitum, possesses anti-rheumatic, anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive effects, may be used for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as arthritis.

1. Delsoline (Belsoline) has hypotensive effects.2. Delsoline is not only effective in preventing ventricular fibrillation and arrythmia, but can raise the intebsity of the threthold of electrical shocks to cause ventricular fibrillation in rabbits, the antiarrythmic effect of it may be mainly attributed to itsganglionic blocking and negative cardiac inotropic effect.

1. Crassicauline A (Crassicauline I) and Yunaconitine possesses feeding deterrent activity against T. castaneum adults, with EC(5) values of 1134.5 and 653.4 ppm, respectively.

Indaconitine is isolated from the rhizome of the Aconitum plant.

1. Aconine (Jesaconine) is the febrifuge. 2. Aconine possesses gastric anaesthetic props.