rna modification

3-Methyluridine is a modified nucleoside of cellular RNA.

N6-Methyladenosine is a methylated adenine residue, glycoside is an endogenous uridine product of transfer RNA degradation. It is the most prevalent internal modification of messenger RNA present in all higher eukaryotes and can modify viral RNA with antiviral activity.

N4-Acetyl-2'-O-methylcytidine (ac4Cm) is a doubly modified RNA nucleoside bearing both N4-acetylation and 2'-O-methylation that is predominantly identified in thermophilic archaea. N4-Acetyl-2'-O-methylcytidine contributes to molecular adaptation under extreme environmental conditions by enhancing RNA structural stability, resistance to thermal degradation, and translational fidelity through synergistic chemical modification.