peroxisomal

Lignoceric Acid (tetracosanoic acid) is a 24-carbon saturated (24:0) fatty acid and a by-product of lignin production, which is synthesized in the developing brain.

L-Pipecolic acid (L-Homoproline) is a breakdown product of lysine, accumulates in body fluids of infants with generalized genetic peroxisomal disorders, such as Zellweger syndrome, neonatal adrenoleukodystrophy.

Nervonic acid (Selacholeic acid) is a long chain unsaturated fatty acid that is enriched in sphingomyelin. It consists of choline, sphingosine, phosphoric acid, and fatty acid. Nervonic acid may enhance the brain functions and prevent demyelination (Chemical Land21). Research shows that there is negative relationship between nervonic acid and obesity-related risk factors. Demyelination in adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) is associated with an accumulation of very long chain saturated fatty acids stemming from a genetic defect in the peroxisomal beta oxidation system responsible for the chain shortening of these fatty acids. Sphingolipids from post mortem ALD brain have decreased levels of nervonic acid, 24:1(n-9), and increased levels of stearic acid, 18:0.

Tridecanedioic acid (Brassilic acid) is an unusual odd-numbered dicarboxylic acid that appears in the urines of children with neonatal adrenoleukodystrophy and Zellweger syndrome, as an additional marker of these peroxisomal disorders.

1-O-Hexadecyl-sn-glycerol is a biologically active alkyl glyceryl ether that exhibits protective effects against UVB-induced cellular damage by reducing keratinocyte death, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and prostaglandin E2 synthesis in normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEKs). additionally, at a concentration of 50 μM, 1-O-Hexadecyl-sn-glycerol significantly enhances coronary flow and left ventricular developed pressure while reducing malondialdehyde (MDA) formation in an ex vivo rat heart model of ischemia and reperfusion injury, thereby demonstrating both cytoprotective and cardioprotective properties.