melanocortin receptors

ACTH 11-24 acetate(4237-93-8 free base) (Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (11-24) acetate) is a fragment of adrenocorticotrophin, induces cortisol release. ACTH (11-24) has been identified as a competitive antagonist of ACTH (1-39) and ACTH (1-10) in isolated adrenal cells.

Melanotan (MT)-II, a synthetic melanocortin receptor agonist, is an analogue of the peptide hormone α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH).

[D-Trp8]-γ-MSH acetate(321351-81-9 free base) is a selective melanocortin 3 (MC3) receptor agonist (IC50 values are 6.7, 340 and 600 nM for human MC3, MC5 and MC4 receptors respectively) and displays anti-inflammatory efficacy.

PG 106 acetate is an effective and selective antagonist of the human melanocortin 3 (hMC3) receptor with an IC50 of 210 nM. PG 106 acetate has no activity with the hMC5 receptor and hMC4 receptors with an EC50 of 9900 nM.

HS 014 acetate is a potent and selective melanocortin MC4 receptor antagonist (Ki values are 3.16, 108, 54.4 and 694 nM for cloned human MC4, MC1, MC3 and MC5 receptors respectively). Increases food intake in rats and nociception in mice following central

SHU 9119 is a potent ligand of human melanocortin receptors, exhibiting dual pharmacological properties: it acts as an antagonist at MC3R and MC4R, while functioning as a partial agonist at MC5R. The IC50 values of SHU 9119 against MC3R, MC4R, and MC5R are 0.23, 0.06, and 0.09 nM, respectively.

SHU 9119 acetate is a well-known antagonist of human melanocortin 3 and 4 (hMC3R, hMC4R) receptors and a partial hMC5R agonist. The IC50 values of human MC3R, MC4R and MC5R is 0.23, 0.06, and 0.09 nM respectively.

Bremelanotide is a peptide agonist that acts on the melanocortin receptor (MC4R), activating it and increasing dopamine release, thereby inducing sexual behavior, female mounting behavior, and repetitive self-grooming behavior. Bremelanotide can be used in research on hypoactive sexual desire disorder.

α-Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) is a 13-amino acid peptide hormone produced by post-translational processing of proopiomelanocortin (POMC) in the pituitary gland, as well as in keratinocytes, astrocytes, monocytes, and gastrointestinal cells.1It is an agonist of melanocortin receptor 3 (MC3R) and MC4R that induces cAMP production in Hepa cells expressing the human receptors (EC50s = 0.16 and 56 nM, respectively).2α-MSH (100 pM) reducesS. aureuscolony formation andC. albicansgerm tube formationin vitro.3It inhibits endotoxin-, ceramide-, TNF-α-, or okadaic acid-induced activation of NF-κB in U937 cells.1α-MSH reduces IL-6- or TNF-α-induced ear edema in mice.4It also prevents the development of adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats and increases survival in a mouse model of septic shock. Increased plasma levels of α-MSH are positively correlated with delayed disease progression and reduced death in patients with HIV.1 1.Catania, A., Airaghi, L., Colombo, G., et al.α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone in normal human physiology and disease statesTrends Endocrinol. Metab.11(8)304-308(2000) 2.Miwa, H., Gantz, I., Konda, Y., et al.Structural determinants of the melanocortin peptides required for activation of melanocortin-3 and melanocortin-4 receptorsJ. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther.273(1)367-372(1995) 3.Cutuli, M., Cristiani, S., Lipton, J.M., et al.Antimicrobial effects of a-MSH peptidesJ. Leukoc. Biol.67(2)233-239(2000) 4.Lipton, J.M., Ceriani, G., Macaluso, A., et al.Antiiinflammatory effect of the neuropeptide a-MSH in acute, chronic, and systemic inflammationAnn. N.Y. Acad. Sci.25(741)137-148(1994)

PG106 TFA is a potent, selective antagonist of the human melanocortin 3 (hMC3) receptor, displaying an IC50 value of 210 nM, while exhibiting negligible activity at the hMC4 receptors (EC50 = 9900 nM) and hMC5 receptor [1].

HS014 TFA, a potent and selective antagonist of the melanocortin-4 (MC4) receptor, exhibits K i values of 3.16, 108, 54.4, and 694 nM for the human MC4, MC1, MC3, and MC5 receptors, respectively. It effectively increases food intake in free-feeding rats [1] [2].

AP1189 acetate is a biased agonist at melanocortin 1 and melanocortin 3 receptors.

ALD1613 is a potent neutralizing monoclonal antibody targeting adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). It neutralizes ACTH-induced signaling and inhibits cyclic adenosine monophosphate accumulation in ACTH-stimulated Y1 (mouse adrenal cell line) via all five melanocortin receptors. ALD1613 significantly reduces plasma corticosterone levels in wild-type rats and is applicable in studies involving elevated ACTH-related conditions.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) (1-39) human (TFA), a member of the melanocortin family, is a melanocortin receptor agonist that stimulates corticosteroid production by the adrenals; melanocortin receptors are also located in the central nervous system (CNS) and on immune cells.

MCL0020 is a potent and selective melanocortin MC4 receptor antagonist (IC50 values are 11.63, 1115, and >10,000 nM at MC4, MC3, and MC1 receptors, respectively). It significantly reverses stress-induced anorexia without affecting food intake in free-feeding rats and exhibits anxiolytic-like activity in vivo.

[D-Trp8]-γ-MSH is a selective melanocortin 3 (MC3) receptor agonist with IC50 values of 6.7, 340, and 600 nM for human MC3, MC5, and MC4 receptors, respectively. [D-Trp8]-γ-MSH also exhibits anti-inflammatory efficacy.

HS024 is a highly potent melanocortin MC4 receptor antagonist (Ki values are 0.29, 18.6, 5.45 and 3.29 nM for cloned human MC4, MC1, MC3 and MC5 receptors respectively). Increases food intake, and blocks α-MSH- and MTII-induced hypotension and bradycardia in rats, following central administration in vivo.

Potent and selective melanocortin 4 (MC4) receptor agonist (IC50 values are 0.58 and 55 nM for human MC4 and MC3 receptors respectively). Produces a rapid and dose dependent restoration of cardiovascular and respiratory function in hemorrhage-shocked rats

PG 931 acetate is a potent agonist of melanocortin 4 (MC4) receptors.

Potent and selective melanocortin MC4 receptor antagonist (Ki values are 3.16, 108, 54.4 and 694 nM for cloned human MC4, MC1, MC3 and MC5 receptors respectively). Increases food intake in rats and nociception in mice following central administration in v

δ-MSH is a melanocortin peptide and acts as a weak ligand for melanocortin receptors (MCRs).