catalase

Catalase is an essential enzyme in the metabolism of H2O2 and reactive oxygen species (ROS), making it useful for tumor research. Solutions of catalse should not be frozen. Frozen solution will result in a 50-70% loss of activity. Catalase is recommended to be prepared freshly before use.

EUK-134, a synthetic superoxide dismutase (SOD)/catalase mimetic, exhibits potent antioxidant activities and inhibits the formation of β-amyloid and related amyloid fibrils.

3-Amino-1,2,4-triazole (Trapidil impurity B) is an inhibitor of catalase, capable of inducing the compensatory mechanism for hydrogen peroxide detoxification. This mechanism involves increasing the activities of glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase.

Manganese(salen) chloride (EUK-8) is a superoxide dismutase and catalase mimetic, serving as an antioxidant with oxyradical scavenging properties, and ameliorates acute lung injury in endotoxemic swine.

Gepotidacin mesylate dihydrate (GSK2140944 mesylate dihydrate) is an orally available triazaacenaphthylene antibiotic with antibacterial activity. Gepotidacin mesylate dihydrate is an inhibitor of bacterial type II topoisomerase. Gepotidacin mesylate dihydrate inhibits bacterial DNA replication by blocking topoisomerase and can be used to study bacterial infection.

3-Phenyllactic acid (PhLA) is a broad spectrum antimicrobial compound active against bacteria and fungi, DL-3-Phenyllactic acid (3-Phenyllactic acid) is a reagent involved in biological studies of nantioselectivity of lipase in transesterification and oxidation by glycolate oxidase and catalase.

2-Pyridinecarbohydrazide (2-Picolinyl hydrazide) is an effective inhibitor of Catalase-peroxidase-NAPDH.

Antifungalagent 117 is a bipyrrole carboxamide derivative with antifungal activity, exhibiting an EC50 value of 11.58 mg/L against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. This compound induces cell death by increasing cell membrane permeability, causing an imbalance in osmotic pressure between the interior and exterior of the cell. It also promotes oxidative damage to the cell membrane by inducing the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to the leakage of cellular contents. RNA sequencing analysis has demonstrated that Antifungalagent 117 disrupts cell membrane structure by downregulating catalase genes and upregulating neutral ceramidase genes, accelerating ceramide metabolism and hastening cell death. The compound holds significant potential for application in plant protection and the control of fungal infections.

Diallyl tetrasulfide is an organosulfur compound that has been found in A. sativum and has diverse biological activities, including antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer properties.[1],[2],[3],[4] It is active against the bacteria S. aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA; MICs = 0.5 and 2 mg/L, respectively), as well as the fungi C. albicans, C. krusei, C. glabrata, A. niger, A. flavus, and A. fumigatus (MICs = 0.5, 4, 2, 1, 2, and 4 mg/L, respectively).[1] It reduces cadmium-induced increases in hepatic levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and increases cadmium-induced decreases in the hepatic activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD1), catalase, GST, and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) in rats when administered at a dose of 40 mg/kg.[2] Diallyl tetrasulfide is cytotoxic to MCF-7 breast cancer cells (IC50 = 92 μM) and reduces tumor growth in a BGC-823 mouse xenograft model when administered at doses of 20, 30, and 40 mg/kg for 32 days.[3],[4]

AMK is an active metabolite of the neurohormone melatonin .1,2,3,4It is formed from melatoninviathe metabolic intermediate AFMK that is then deformylated by catalase or formamidase.5,6AMK scavenges singlet oxygenin vitrowhen used at a concentration of 200 μM.1It inhibits the epinephrine- and arachidonic acid-induced production of prostaglandin E2and PGD2in ovine seminal vesicle microsomes in a concentration- and time-dependent manner, as well as LPS-induced increases in COX-2 levels in RAW 264.7 macrophages when used at a concentration of 500 μM.2,3AMK (20 mg/kg) decreases MPTP-induced increases in lipid peroxidation in the cytosol and mitochondria from substantia nigra and striatum in a mouse model of MPTP-induced Parkinson's disease.4 1.Schaefer, M., and Hardeland, R.The melatonin metabolite N1-acetyl-5-methoxykynuramine is a potent singlet oxygen scavengerJ. Pineal Res.46(1)49-52(2009) 2.Kelly, R.W., Amato, F., and Seamark, R.F.N-acetyl-5-methoxy kynurenamine, a brain metabolite of melatonin, is a potent inhibitor of prostaglandin biosynthesisBiochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.121(1)372-379(1984) 3.Mayo, J.C., Sainz, R.M., Tan, D.-X., et al.Anti-inflammatory actions of melatonin and its metabolites, N1-acetyl-N2-formyl-5-methoxykynuramine (AFMK) and N1-acetyl-5-methoxykynuramine (AMK), in macrophagesJ. Neuroimmunol.165(1-2)139-149(2005) 4.Tapias, V., Escames, G., López, L.C., et al.Melatonin and its brain metabolite N1-acetyl-5-methoxykynuramine prevent mitochondrial nitric oxide synthase induction in parkinsonian miceJ. Neurosci. Res.87(13)3002-3010(2009) 5.Tan, D.-X., Manchester, L.C., Reiter, R.J., et al.Melatonin directly scavenges hydrogen peroxide: A potentially new metabolic pathway of melatonin biotransformationFree Radic. Biol. Med.29(11)1177-1185(2000) 6.Hirata, F., Hayaishi, O., Tokuyama, T., et al.In vitro and in vivo formation of two new metabolites of melatoninJ. Biol. Chem.249(4)1311-1313(1974)

Ibuprofen carboxylic acid is a major metabolite of ibuprofen . It prevents fructose-, cyanate-, and prednisolone-induced inactivation of catalase and fructose- and cyanate-induced inactivation of fumarase when used at a concentration of 2 mM and penetrates into the lens of isolated bovine eyes. Ibuprofen carboxylic acid has been found in bank filtrate and surface water, as well as influent and effluent wastewater, and is considered a micropollutant.

(E)-3,4-Dimethoxycinnamic acid is a less active isomer of 3,4-dimethoxycinnamic acid, a natural monomer from Securidaca inappendiculata Hassk. It exerts anti-apoptotic effects in L-02 cells via ROS-mediated signaling, showing potential in research related to inflammation and immunology.

Morin monohydrate (oxylon pomiferum monohydrate) is a flavonoid extracted from Morus alba plant with anticancer, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities, which reduces T-2 toxin-induced TNF-alpha, COX-2, IL-1β, IL-6, caspase-1, caspase-3, and caspase-11 mRNA. BML-286 is a WNP-containing WNP-containing BML-286, which reduces T-2 toxin-induced TNF-α, COX-2, IL-1β, IL-6, caspase-1, caspase-3, and caspase-11 mRNA expression, and ameliorates T-2 toxin-induced injury by decreasing malondialdehyde (MDA) and increasing superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX).

BTA-EG6 is a novel catalase-amyloid interaction inhibitor, penetrating the blood-brain barrier and protecting cells from Aβ-induced toxicity.

HMS607P03 is an activator of SIRT1 which induces autophagic cell death via the AMPK-mTOR-ULK complex and induces mitophagy by the SIRT1-PINK1-Parkin pathway. HMS607P03 downregulates 14-3-3γ, catalase, profilin-1, and HSP90α.

Dapsone hydroxylamine (DDS-NOH) promotes methemoglobinemia, impedes catalase (CAT) activity, and suppresses the generation of reactive oxygen species, while also exhibiting anti-inflammatory properties [1].

SP4f, an activator of PPAR-γ, exhibits an EC50 value of 826 nM in HK-2 cells. In Swiss albino mice, it diminishes blood glucose levels and lipid peroxidation while enhancing glutathione levels and catalase activity [1].

InhA-IN-2 directly inhibits InhA and does not require activation by the catalase peroxidase KatG.

Taraxerone has allelopathic and antifungal effects.Taraxerone prevents catalase, superoxide dismutase, and reduces glutathione concentrations from the decrease induced by ethanol administration with the concentration dependent manner.

DL-3-Phenyllactic acid (Standard) is the standard substance of DL-3-Phenyllactic acid, and it is applicable for quantitative analysis, quality control, and related research in biochemical experiments. 3-Phenyllactic acid (PhLA) is a broad spectrum antimicrobial compound active against bacteria and fungi, DL-3-Phenyllactic acid (3-Phenyllactic acid) is a reagent involved in biological studies of nantioselectivity of lipase in transesterification and oxidation by glycolate oxidase and catalase.

Zineb (Standard) is the standard substance of Zineb, and it is applicable for quantitative analysis, quality control, and related research in biochemical experiments. Zineb is an agricultural fungicide of the dithiocarbamate class. Zineb did not change the activity of any of the superoxide dismutases. The activity of catalase was reduced only by Zineb.

Taraxerone (Standard) is a reference standard for research and analysis in studies involving Taraxerone. Taraxerone has allelopathic and antifungal effects.Taraxerone prevents catalase, superoxide dismutase, and reduces glutathione concentrations from the decrease induced by ethanol administration with the concentration dependent manner.

β-Carotene-15,15ʹ-epoxide acts as an XIAP antagonist with pro-apoptotic (Apoptosis) and anti-tumor properties, found in the leaves of Spondias mombin. In rat models of DMBA-induced breast cancer, it induces tumor cell apoptosis by binding to the BIR3 domain of the XIAP protein, thereby inhibiting its interaction with caspase-9. Additionally, β-carotene-15,15ʹ-epoxide significantly reduces BCL-2, COX-2, and TNF-α expression in tumor tissue, decreases MDA levels, enhances catalase activity, and modulates biochemical markers in serum such as LDH, ALP, and ALT, indicating its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and metabolic protective effects. This compound is useful for researching inflammation-related diseases and tumors such as breast cancer.

Palmitoyl tetrapeptide-20 (PTP20) TFA is a biomimetic peptide and acts as an agonist of α-MSH. It protects follicular melanocytes by boosting catalase expression and activating melanogenesis.