antimuscarinic

Litoxetine HCl is a selective 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) and mixed 5-hydroxytryptamine antagonist used in the treatment of urinary incontinence. Litoxetine HCl in the absence of antimuscarinic concentrations without antimuscarinic properties (10 nM-1 microM) caused concentration-dependent relaxation of isolated oesophageal muscle mucosa in rats, reducing carbachol tone by up to 37%. Higher concentrations of Litoxetine HCl (3 microM-300 microM) were associated with significant relaxation up to abolition of carbachol tone. The antiarrhythmic activity of Litoxetine HCl, previously demonstrated in the isolated guinea pig intestine, was exerted in the isolated rat oesophageal muscle mucosa at concentrations greater than 1 microM. The 5-HT-releasing effect of Litoxetine HCl could explain the potency of Litoxetine HCl on 5-HT-induced relaxation in untreated rat tissue, which was reversed by pCPA treatment.

Tiquizium has effective Antimuscarinic effect, and causes significant bronchodilation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Prifinium bromide is a quaternary ammon antimuscarinic. It inhibits hyperkinesia of the digestive organs and urinary tract and has a spasmolytic action.

Trimebutine maleate (Polibutin) is a weak mu-opioid agonist and has antimuscarinic effects. Trimebutine is an agonist of peripheral mu, delta, and kappa opiate receptors served as a spasmolytic drug for therapy of both chronic and acute abdominal pain.

Fesoterodine fumarate (Toviaz) is the fumarate salt form of fesoterodine, a competitive muscarinic receptor antagonist with muscle relaxant and urinary antispasmodic properties. Fesoterodine is rapidly hydrolyzed in vivo into its active metabolite 5-hydroxymethyl tolterodine, which binds and inhibits muscarinic receptors on the bladder detrusor muscle, thereby preventing bladder contractions or spasms caused by acetylcholine.

Homatropine Methylbromide is the methyl bromide salt of homatropine, a synthetic tertiary amine alkaloid with antimuscarinic properties.

Diphenidol hydrochloride (Difenidol hydrochloride), a muscarinic antagonist, is employed as an anti-vertigo and as an antiemetic drug.

Otilonium bromide (SP63) , an antimuscarinic, is utilized as a spasmolytic agent.

Trihexyphenidyl hydrochloride (Benzhexol hydrochloride) is an antiparkinsonian agent of the antimuscarinic class.

Clidinium bromide (Ro 2-3773) , a synthetic anticholinergic agent, has been shown in experimental and clinical researchers to have a pronounced antisecretory and antispasmodic effect on the gastrointestinal tract. It can inhibit muscarinic actions of acetylcholine at postganglionic parasympathetic neuroeffector sites. It is used for the treatment of peptic ulcer disease and also to help relieve cramps or stomach spasms or abdominal due to colicky abdominal diverticulitis, pain, and irritable bowel syndrome.

Carbinoxamine Maleate Salt (Lergefin) is an ethanolamine class of H1 antihistamines with mild antimuscarinic and sedative properties.

Trimebutine (Mebutin) is a spasmolytic agent that regulates intestinal and colonic motility and relieves abdominal pain with antimuscarinic and weak mu-opioid agonist effects. It is marketed for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and lower gastrointestinal tract motility disorders, with IBS being one of the most common multifactorial GI disorders. It is used to restore normal bowel function and is commonly present in pharmaceutical mixtures as trimebutine maleate salt form. Trimebutine is not an FDA-Approved Clinical drug, but it is available in Canada and several other international countries.

Oxyphencyclimine Hydrochloride (Ulcociclinina) is a synthetic tertiary amine and antimuscarinic agent with antispasmodic and antisecretory activities.

Piperidolate hydrochloride is an antimuscarinic, could restrain the abnormal activity caused by acetylcholine. inhibits intestinal cramp induced by acetylcholine (rats and dogs).

Espatropate is a bronchodilator with antimuscarinic activity.

Tridihexethyl is an anticholinergic, antimuscarinic, and antispasmolytic drug, which can be used to treat acquired nystagmus or peptic ulcer disease.

Propiverine is a potent antimuscarinic agent that effectively inhibits cellular calcium influx, leading to the reduction of muscle spasm. It exhibits neurotropic and musculotropic effects specifically on the smooth muscles of the urinary bladder. Propiverine proves valuable in research concerning overactive bladder (OAB) [1] [2].

Piperilate HCl is an antispasmodic, antimuscarinic agent. It is a muscarinic cholinergic receptor antagonist.

Esoxybutynin Chloride is (S)-enantiomer of oxybutynin. Esoxybutynin Chloride exerts antimuscarinic properties. Racemic oxybutynin is used clinically to treat urinary incontinence. Sepracor was developing (S)-oxybutynin, a single-isomer version of Alza's Ditropan (racemic oxybutynin), a muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist, as a potential treatment for urinary incontinence.

Caramiphen hydrochloride is the salt form of Caramiphne (free base), which is an antimuscarinic and anticholinergic agent. It acts as an antagonist of NMDA receptor.

Cyclopentolate Hydrochloride is a muscarinic acetylcholine receptors antagonist with Kis of 1.62, 27.5, and 2.63 nM for M1, M2, and M3 receptors, respectively.

Telenzepine is a potent and selective M1 antimuscarinic.

Dihexyverine HCl is an antimuscarinic with effects similar to those of atropine.

Revatropate, a selective muscarinic antagonist, is an antimuscarinic drug.