anti-depression

Xaliproden is a compound that mimics the effects of nerve growth factor and is also a serotonin 5-HT1A receptor agonist.

Regaloside C, a glycerol glucoside isolated from the Lilium genus, exhibits notable anti-inflammatory properties.

Dexamethasone is a glucocorticoid receptor agonist and IL receptor modulator with anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive, and apoptosis-inducing activities. It inhibits the production of inflammatory miRNA-155 exosomes in macrophages, significantly reduces inflammatory cytokine expression in neutrophils and monocytes, suppresses LPS-induced macrophage inflammation, and induces autophagy. It is commonly used to induce animal models of depression, muscle atrophy, and hypertension, and holds potential in COVID-19 research.

PDE IV-IN-1 is a potent phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitor with anti-inflammatory activity for the treatment of asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and other inflammatory diseases, and is a potential compound for the study of depression.

Dimiracetam (NT-11624) is an orally active anti-neuropathy compound that inhibits hypersensitivity and neurological alterations and may be used in the study of cognitive disorders, depression and neuropathic pain.

Ladostigil (Ladostigil free base) is an orally active dual inhibitor of cholinesterase and brain-selective monoamine oxidase (MAO) with inhibitory effects on MAO-B and AChE, with IC50 values of 37.1 and 31.8 μM, respectively.Ladostigil possesses anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective activities, and may be used in studies of depression and Alzheimer's disease.

Ampreloxetine hydrochloride (TD-9855 HCl) has anti-inflammatory activity and is a potential compound for the treatment of depression and Alzheimer's disease.

L-368,899 hydrochloride is an orally available and selective nonpeptide oxytocin receptor (OXTR) antagonist for the prevention of preterm labor.L-368,899 hydrochloride prevents oxytocin-induced anti-anomalous pain and anti-nausea, and may be useful for the study of depression.

Taclamine, an isoquinoline derivative, possesses properties of central nervous system depression and anti-inflammatory activity.

Delta8-THC acetate (Delta8-tetrahydrocannabinol) is a psychoactive cannabinoid that binds to the cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1 receptor) and exhibits anti-nausea, appetite-stimulating, and anti-inflammatory effects. It may also offer neuroprotective benefits and has potential applications in research on anxiety and depression.

CD-10 is an orally active inhibitor of the Keap1-Nrf2 protein-protein interaction (PPI) that can penetrate the blood-brain barrier. It binds to Keap1 with a KD value of 193 nM. CD-10 exerts significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects by activating the Keap1-Nrf2 pathway, demonstrated by reduced levels of MDA, IL-4, and IL-10, and increased expression of HO-1 protein. In a chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) mouse model, CD-10 effectively alleviates anxiety and depressive behaviors and restores serum neurotransmitter levels by promoting Nrf2 nuclear translocation. CD-10 is applicable for research in depression.

Dihydrolipoic acid (USAF XR-12), a dithiol-containing carboxylic acid, acts as a general antioxidant that is highly reactive against a variety of reactive oxygen species, including peroxynitirite, hydroxyl radicals, hydrogen peroxide, and hypochlorite, at concentrations ranging from 0.01-0.5 mM.

Norquetiapine (N-Desalkylquetiapine) is a metabolite of Quetiapine and acts as a selective HCN1 channel inhibitor with an IC50 of 13.9 μM. It selectively inhibits norepinephrine reuptake and serves as a partial agonist at the 5-HT1A receptor (Ki = 45 nM). Norquetiapine also functions as an antagonist at presynaptic α2 (Ki = 237 nM), 5-HT2C (Ki = 107 nM), and 5-HT7 (Ki = 76 nM) receptors. Additionally, it blocks human cardiac sodium channels Nav1.5 in a state-dependent manner. In LPS-injected C57BL/6 mice, Norquetiapine displays partial anti-inflammatory effects. This compound is utilized in research related to depression and inflammation.

Emapunil (XBD-173) is an anxiolytic drug which acts as a selective agonist at the peripheral benzodiazepine receptor, also known as the mitochondrial 18 kDa translocator protein or TSPO.

Ladostigil hemitartrate (TV-3326) is a dual inhibitor of cholinesterase and brain-selective monoamine oxidase (MAO), with IC50 values of 37.1 μM for MAO-B and 31.8 μM for AChE. Possessing neuroprotective, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties, it is commonly used in research related to depression and Alzheimer's disease.

Debrisoquin hydriodide (1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-2-carboximidamide hydroiodide) has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties. It has also been found to modulate the activity of certain neurotransmitters, including dopamine and serotonin, making it a promising candidate for the treatment of neurological disorders such as Parkinson's disease and depression.

GABAA receptor agonist 1 (compound 3e) is a potent agonist that binds to the GABA binding site of the GABAA receptor, producing GABAergic effects and exhibiting anti-depression activities in classical mouse models of FST and TST, indicating its potential in depression research [1].

GABAA receptor agonist 2 (compound 4c) is a highly potent compound that exhibits anti-depressive properties in classical mouse models of depression, such as the FST and TST. By binding to the GABA binding site on the GABAA receptor, it produces GABAergic effects. Notably, compound 4c holds promise for depression research [1].

Ladostigil hydrochloride (TV-3326), an orally active compound, acts as a dual inhibitor targeting both cholinesterase and brain-selective monoamine oxidase (MAO), demonstrating inhibition constants (IC50s) of 31.8 μM for acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and 37.1 μM for MAO-B. This compound exhibits neuroprotective, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties, making it useful for research into depression and Alzheimer's disease.

Lisuride maleate is a non-selective dopamine agonist and G-protein-biased 5-HT2A receptor agonist capable of blocking prolactin release. Lisuride maleate may be employed in studies of Parkinson's disease, depression, and hyperprolactinemia disorders.

5-Hydroxy-L-tryptophan-4,6,7-d3 is L-5-Hydroxytryptophan labeled with 2H. L-5-Hydroxytryptophan (L-5-HTP) is a dietary supplement and a precursor to serotonin, which inhibits the IFN-γ induced PD-L1 expression. It promotes anti-tumor immunity and is used in research on migraine and depression.

Dexamethasone (Standard) is a reference standard for Dexamethasone, applicable for quantitative analysis, quality control, and biochemical experiments. Dexamethasone is a glucocorticoid receptor agonist and IL receptor modulator exhibiting anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive, and apoptosis-inducing activities. It suppresses production of inflammatory iRNA-155 exosomes in macrophages, significantly reduces inflammatory cytokine expression in neutrophils and monocytes, inhibits LPS-induced macrophage inflammatory responses while inducing autophagy. It is commonly used to induce animal models of depression, muscular dystrophy, and hypertension, and shows potential in COVID-19 research.

Norquetiapine (Standard) is a reference standard for research and analysis in studies involving Norquetiapine. Norquetiapine (N-Desalkylquetiapine) is a metabolite of Quetiapine and acts as a selective HCN1 channel inhibitor with an IC50 of 13.9 μM. It selectively inhibits norepinephrine reuptake and serves as a partial agonist at the 5-HT1A receptor (Ki = 45 nM). Norquetiapine also functions as an antagonist at presynaptic α2 (Ki = 237 nM), 5-HT2C (Ki = 107 nM), and 5-HT7 (Ki = 76 nM) receptors. Additionally, it blocks human cardiac sodium channels Nav1.5 in a state-dependent manner. In LPS-injected C57BL/6 mice, Norquetiapine displays partial anti-inflammatory effects. This compound is utilized in research related to depression and inflammation.

Meranzin, a bioactive compound derived from the Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Chaihu-Shugan-San (CSS) and isolated from Murraya exotica L. leaves, targets the alpha 2-adrenoceptor and engages the AMPA-ERK1/2–BDNF signaling pathway. It offers promising potential for preventing the comorbidity of atherosclerosis and depression due to its significant anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties.