Lichen

Vulpinic Acid (Pulvinic acid methyl ester) is a lichen metabolite with anti-inflammatory, antibacteria, properties, plant growth inhibitor.

Atranorin shows significant antinociceptive and antiinflammatory activities, it has a relevant redox-active action, acting as a pro-oxidant or antioxidant agent depending on the radical, also, it will exert cytoprotective effects on cells under oxidative

Povorcitinib phosphate is a selective JAK1 inhibitor and can be used in studies about the treatment of cutaneous lupus erythematosus and Lichen planus.

Pimecrolimus (SDZ-ASM 981), a calcineurin inhibitor immunosuppressant, binds to the receptor macrophilin-12 (FKBP-12) forming a complex that blocks the calcium-dependent signal transduction cascade mediated by calcineurin.

Orsellinic acid, a compound obtained by treatment of Lecanoric acidy with alcohols, inhibits platelet-activating factor (PAF)-mediated neuronal apoptosis.

Lichenase (endo-1,3:1,4-β-D-Glucanase), an endo-(1-3),(1-4)-β-D-glucan 4-glucanohydrolase, efficiently solubilizes β-glucans from cereal grains, producing gluco-oligosaccharides (GOS). This enzyme is pivotal for the degradation of cell wall polysaccharides [1] [2].

Lichenan, 80% is a reagent used in biochemical reactions.

Fumaric acid (2-Butenedioic acid) attenuates the eotaxin-1 expression in TNF-α-stimulated fibroblasts by suppressing p38 MAPK-dependent NF-κB signaling. Fumaric acid has recently been identified as an oncometabolite or an endogenous, cancer-causing metabolite. High levels of this organic acid can be found in tumors or biofluids surrounding tumors. Its oncogenic action appears due to its ability to inhibit prolyl hydroxylase-containing enzymes.

Temarotene (Ro 15-0778) is an orally active and potent small molecule compound that modulates human immune function in vitro.Temarotene may be used in the study of lichen planus.

Rilopirox (HOE 351) initiated a novel antifungal compound for the study of mucosal Candida infections, lichen planus and seborrheic dermatitis.

Usenamine A is a small molecule compound derived from lichen Usnea longissima that has antitumor activity and can be used in the study of tumors.

(+)-Usnic acid (D-Usnic Acid) is a naturally occurring dibenzofuran derivative found in several lichen species.

Salazinic Acid, a compound extracted from the Lichen Hypotrachyna cirrhata, has potential antioxidant activity and attenuates male sexual dysfunction and testicular oxidative damage in streptozotocin-induced diabetic albino rats.

Stictic Acid (Scopularic acid) is isolated from a Sumatran lichen Stereocaulon montagneanum and inhibits the growth of HT-29 human colon adenocarcinoma cells with an IC50 of 29.29 μg/ml.

Roccellic acid is a lichen secondary metabolite that has been found in R. montagnei and has antibacterial and anticancer activities.1,2 It is active against the bacteria S. gordonii and P. gingivalis (MIC = 46.9 μg/ml for both).1 Roccellic acid (100 μg/ml) inhibits proliferation of MDA-MB-231, MCF-7, and DLD-1 cancer cells by 65.3, 75.8, and 87.9%, respectively.2 |1. Sweidan, A., Chollet-Krugler, M., Sauvager, A., et al. Antibacterial activities of natural lichen compounds against Streptococcus gordonii and Porphyromonas gingivalis. Fitoterapia 121, 164-169 (2017).|2. Mishra, T., Shukla, S., Meena, S., et al. Isolation and identification of cytotoxic compounds from a fruticose lichen Roccella montagnei, and it's in silico docking study against CDK-10. Rev. Bras. Farmacogn. 27(6), 724-728 (2017).

Olivetol (5-n-Amylresorcinol) (5-pentylresorcinol, 5-pentyl-1,3-benzenediol) is an organic compound found in certain species of lichen; it is also a precursor in various syntheses of tetrahydrocannabinol. Olivetol has an antioxidant effect.

Galbinic acid is a depsidone lichen metabolite that has been found in U. undulata.1,2 It is active against the Gram-positive bacteria B. cereus, B. subtilis, and S. aureus, but not S. epidermidis (MICs = 62.5, 62.5, 250, and >250 μg/ml, respectively), as well as the Gram-negative bacterium E. coli, but not S. sonnei (MICs = 125 and >250 μg/ml, respectively).3 |1. Salgado, F., Albornoz, L., Cortéz, C., et al. Secondary metabolite profiling of species of the genus Usnea by UHPLC-ESI-OT-MS-MS. Molecules 23(1), E54 (2017).|2. Elix, J.A., and Engkaninan, U. The structure of galbinic acid. A depsidone from the lichen Usnea undulata. Aust. J. Chem. 28(8), 1793-1797 (1975).|3. Sultana, N., and Afolayan, A.J. A new depsidone and antibacterial activities of compounds from Usnea undulata Stirton. J. Asian Nat. Prod. Res. 13(12), 1158-1164 (2011).

Povorcitinib is a highly potent and selective JAK1 inhibitor with significant potential for the investigation of cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) and Lichen planus (LP).

Sekikaic acid is a phenolic lichen metabolite that has been found in H. obscurata and has diverse biological activities. It scavenges superoxide and DPPH radicals in cell-free assays when used at a concentration of 0.5 µM. Sekikaic acid is active against the rg recombinant strain of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV; IC50 = 5.69 µg/ml). It inhibits the protein-protein interaction between mixed lineage leukemia 1 (MLL1) and the GACKIX domain of CREB-binding protein (CBP; IC50 = 34 µM).

Lobaric acid is a depsidone metabolite isolated from Stereocaulon lichen species with antioxidant, antiproliferative, antiviral, and enzyme inhibitory activities. It scavenges superoxide radicals in a cell-free assay (IC50 = 97.9 μmol), inhibits proliferation in a panel of leukemia, colorectal, gastric, breast, ovarian, prostate, pancreatic, and lung cancer cell lines (EC50s = 15.2-63.9 μg/ml), inhibits protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B; IC50 = 0.87 μM for the human recombinant enzyme), and inhibits production of 12(S)-HETE [Item No. 34570] by 12(S)-lipoxygenase (IC50 = 28.5 μM). In vivo, lobaric acid (250 μM) reduces lesion number, but not lesion diameter, in tobacco leaves infected with tobacco mosaic virus (TMV).

Cabenoside D (compound 8), a triterpenoid glycoside derived from the methanol extract of lichen root, exhibits anti-inflammatory activity. It effectively inhibits inflammation and the activation of early Epstein-Barr virus antigen (EBV-EA) induced by 12-O-tetracylacyl hormone-13-acetate (TPA) in mice [1].

4-FPBUA, a semi-synthetic analog of lichen acid, enhances the functionality of cell-based blood-brain barriers (BBB) and increases the transport of β-amyloid (Aβ) in monolayer cells. Additionally, it acts as an inhibitor of mTOR, enhancing cellular autophagy (Autophagy) which can reverse BBB disruption in vivo, making it relevant for research in Alzheimer's disease.

Povorcitinib-d6 (INCB54707-d6) is a deuterium-labeled version of Povorcitinib. Povorcitinib (INCB54707) is a potent and selective JAK1 inhibitor, known for effectively reducing abscesses and inflammatory nodules. It can be used in research related to cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) and lichen planus (LP).

(+)-Usnic acid (Standard) is a reference standard for research and analysis in studies involving (+)-Usnic acid. (+)-Usnic acid (D-Usnic Acid) is a naturally occurring dibenzofuran derivative found in several lichen species.