Lichen

Atranorin shows significant antinociceptive and antiinflammatory activities, it has a relevant redox-active action, acting as a pro-oxidant or antioxidant agent depending on the radical, also, it will exert cytoprotective effects on cells under oxidative

Usenamine A is a small molecule compound derived from lichen Usnea longissima that has antitumor activity and can be used in the study of tumors.

(+)-Usnic acid (D-Usnic Acid) is a naturally occurring dibenzofuran derivative found in several lichen species.

Orsellinic acid, a compound obtained by treatment of Lecanoric acidy with alcohols, inhibits platelet-activating factor (PAF)-mediated neuronal apoptosis.

Salazinic Acid, a compound extracted from the Lichen Hypotrachyna cirrhata, has potential antioxidant activity and attenuates male sexual dysfunction and testicular oxidative damage in streptozotocin-induced diabetic albino rats.

Stictic Acid (Scopularic acid) is isolated from a Sumatran lichen Stereocaulon montagneanum and inhibits the growth of HT-29 human colon adenocarcinoma cells with an IC50 of 29.29 μg/ml.

Olivetol (5-n-Amylresorcinol) (5-pentylresorcinol, 5-pentyl-1,3-benzenediol) is an organic compound found in certain species of lichen; it is also a precursor in various syntheses of tetrahydrocannabinol. Olivetol has an antioxidant effect.

Vulpinic Acid (Pulvinic acid methyl ester) is a lichen metabolite with anti-inflammatory, antibacteria, properties, plant growth inhibitor.

Cabenoside D (compound 8), a triterpenoid glycoside derived from the methanol extract of lichen root, exhibits anti-inflammatory activity. It effectively inhibits inflammation and the activation of early Epstein-Barr virus antigen (EBV-EA) induced by 12-O-tetracylacyl hormone-13-acetate (TPA) in mice [1].

Vulpinic and gyrophoric acids are known as ultraviolet filters for natural lichen populations, they can effectively prevent cytotoxic, apoptotic and cytoskeleton alterative activities of 2.5 J cm(2) UVB in a dose-dependent manner, suggest that vulpinic and gyrophoric acids can be promising cosmetic ingredients to photo-protect human skin cells. Gyrophoric acid also has anti-proliferative cytotoxic effect.