Pedaliaceae

Hirsuteine is a natural product. It non-competitively antagonizes nicotine-mediated dopamine release by blocking ion permeation through nicotinic receptor channel complexes.

1. Linarin (Acacetin-7-O-rutinoside) (acacetin-7-O-β-d-rutinoside) shows selective dose dependent inhibitory effect on acetylcholinesterase. 2. Linarin alleviates GalN/LPS-induced liver injury by suppressing TNF-α-mediated apoptotic pathways. 3. Linarin prevents A beta-induced neurotoxicity through the activation of PI3K/Akt, which subsequently inhibits GSK-3b and up-regulates Bcl-2. 4. The piperine significantly enhanced the oral absorption of Linarin in rats by inhibiting P-glycoprotein mediated cellular efflux during the intestinal absorption and likely simultaneously by inhibiting the metabolism of Linarin.

1. Rhynchophylline (Mitrinermine) can protect against ischemic damage, probably via regulating the Akt/mTOR pathway. 2. Rhynchophylline can protect against glutamate-induced neuronal death, can inhibit MA impairment in cultured neurons in vitro. 3. Rhynchophylline and isorhynchophylline have a non-competitive antagonistic effect on the NMDA-type ionotropic glutamate receptors, suggest that these alkaloids exert their protective action against ischemia-induced neuronal damage by preventing NMDA, muscarinic M1, and 5-HT2 receptors-mediated neurotoxicity during ischemia.

1. Isorhynchophylline (7-Isorhyncophylline) and rhyncophylline can directly inhibit the contractile responses induced by several agonists in small blood vessels of rat, they also can inhibit the hypertensive effect of angiotensin Ⅱ.

Corynoxine is a tetracyclic oxindole alkaloid isolated from Uncaria macrophylla. It is an autophagy enhancer that promotes α-synuclein clearance through the Akt/mTOR pathway.

Mitraphylline has antiproliferative effects on human glioma and neuroblastoma cell lines. It also has anti-inflammatory activity, it inhibits lipopolysaccharide-mediated activation of primary human neutrophils.

Hirsutine induces apoptosis and is a potent Dengue virus inhibitor exhibiting low cytotoxicity.Hirsutine has anticancer, cardioprotective, anti-hypertensive and anti-arrhythmic activities, it also has vasodilatation activity, the mechanism is related to blockade of Ca2+ influx through L-type Ca2+ channels and inhibition of intracellular Ca2+ release may have no relationship with K+ channels.

1. Isocorynoxeine (7-Isocorynoxeine) shows the effects of lowering blood pressure, vasodilatation, and protection against ischemia-induced neuronal damage. 2. Isocorynoxeine exhibits a significant neuroprotective effect against glutamate-induced HT22 cell death at the maximum concentration.

Geissoschizine methyl ether, a major indole alkaloid found in Uncaria hook, is a key active component of Yokukansan with psychotropic effects. It is a potent serotonin A receptor agonist and a candidate for ameliorating aggressiveness and sociality by Yokukansan.

1. Corynoxeine is a potent ERK1/2 inhibitor of key PDGF-BB-induced VSMC proliferation and may be useful in the prevention and treatment of vascular diseases and restenosis after angioplasty.

Corynoxine hydrochloride is a natural oxindole alkaloid and induces autophagy in different neuronal cell lines, including N2a and SHSY-5Y cells.

Corynoxine B (Cory B), a natural alkaloid isolated from Uncaria rhynchophylla (Miq. ), is an autophagy inducer that enhances the activity of Beclin 1/VPS34 complex and increases autophagy by facilitating the interaction between Beclin 1 and HMGB1/2, which may ameliorate Alzheimer's disease. NVP-BAG956 (NVP-BAG956)

Isopteropodine (Uncarine E) is an isoyohimbine-type octindole alkaloid isolated from Hamelia patens micropropagated and has antimicrobial activity and stimulates the immune system. Isopteropodine has antimicrobial activity and stimulates the immune system.Isopteropodine is a positive modulator of muscarinic M1 and 5-HT2 receptors and a PXR activator that induces contraction of the rat myometrium.

3,19-Dihydroxy-6,23-dioxo-12-ursen-28-oic acid is a natural product for research related to life sciences. The catalog number is TN2853 and the CAS number is 261768-88-1.

1,2-O-Isopropylidene-β-D-fructopyranose is a natural product from Uncaria sessilifructus

Rubelloside B exhibits immunological enhancement effect.

Uncarinic acid E has anti-cancer activity, it induces apoptosis in HepG2 cells via accumulation of p53, alters the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, and activates caspases, resulting in cytochrome c release from the mitochondria. A mixture of uncarinic acid E and 27-O-p-(

3,6,19,23-Tetrahydroxy-12-ursen-28-oic acid is a natural product from Uncaria sessilifructus.

3,6,19-Trihydroxy-23-oxo-12-ursen-28-oic acid is a natural product for research related to life sciences. The catalog number is TN2903 and the CAS number is 131984-82-2.

Uncarine A is a natural product from Uncaria hirsuta.

Quinovic acid 3-O-(6-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranoside) 28-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl ester is a natural product of Uncaria, Rubiaceae. The catalog number is TN4884 and the CAS number is 124727-10-2. Quinovic acid 3-O-(6-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranoside) 28-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl ester can be used as a reference standard.

Tetrahydroalstonine is an indole alkaloid extracted from the fruit of Rhazya stricta and is a selective α2-adrenoceptor antagonist. tetrahydroalstonine has shown antipsychotic activity in Rauwolfia tetraphylla.

Uncaric acid is a natural product of Uncaria, Rubiaceae. The catalog number is TN5199 and the CAS number is 123135-05-7. Uncaric acid can be used as a reference standard.