Orchidaceae

Erianin is a nature product extracted from Dendrobium chrysotoxum, has notable antitumour activity , can cause extensive tumour necrosis, growth delay. Erianin has antiangiogenic action by inhibiting endothelial metabolism in a JNK/SAPK-dependent manner a

Parishin C is a phenolic glycoside and a major component of G. elata, have antioxidant property

Dendrophenol (Moscatilin) is a natural product isolated from the stem of Dendrobium loddigesii Rolfe, act as a NF-κB inhibitor. Antineoplastic activity.

1. Dendrobine has a slight but demonstrable analgesic and antipyretic action. 2. Dendrobine produces moderate hyperglycemia, diminishes cardiac activity in large doses, lowers the blood pressure. 3. Dendrobine on the electrical activity and on amino acid-induced depolarizations of primary afferent terminals were tested on the frog isolated spinal cord.

Batatasin III inhibits cancer migration and invasion by suppressing epithelial to mesenchymal transition and FAK-AKT signals and possesses anti-cancer activities. Batatasin III has a long-term inhibitory effect on whole-plant growth and shows germination

Lusianthridin is a natural product from Dendrobium venustum. Lusianthridin exhibits anti-migratory property at nontoxic concentrations. Lusianthridin enhances c-Myc degradation through the inhibition of Src-STAT3 signaling.

1. Parishin B can prevent vascular dementia.

Succinic acid (1, 2-ethanedicarboxylic acid) is a product of anaerobic metabolism and an intermediate of the tricarboxylic acid cycle.

Parishin (Parishin A) A is isolated from the rhizomes of Gastrodia elata. It has good neuroprotective effects against brain disorders.

1. beta-Asarone (Cis-Isoelemicin) may be a potential preventive drug for Alzheimer's disease. 2. Beta-Asarone prevents autophagy and synaptic loss by reducing ROCK expression in SAMP8 mice. 3. The co-administration of beta-Asarone(Cis-Isoasarone) and l-dopa may contribute to the treatment of 6-OHDA-induced damage in rats by inhibiting autophagy activity. 4. Beta-Asarone exhibits anti-inflammatory effects by suppressing the production of pro-inflammatory mediators through NF-κB signaling and the JNK pathways in activated microglial cells and might be developed as a promising candidate to treat various neuroinflammatory diseases.

Gastrodin (Gastrodine), an anti-inflammatory polyphenol, is extracted from Chinese natural herbal Gastrodia elata Blume. and benefits neurodegenerative diseases.

Gigantol is a novel inhibitor of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. It inhibits Wnt/β-catenin signaling through downregulation of phosphorylated LRP6 and cytosolic β-catenin in breast cancer cells. Gigantol may be developed as a promising neuroprotective agent for successful MSC transplantation in ischemic diseases, it shows the protective effect against hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptosis in rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells through the PI3K/Akt pathway.Gigantol inhibits aldose reductase gene to exert its anti-cataract activity. Gigantol induces growth inhibition and apoptosis of HepG2 cells via the PI3K/Akt/NF-κB signaling pathway.Gigantol also shows α-glucosidase inhibitory activity.

Lappaol B (burdock phenol B), a lignan from Acrtium lappa L, inhibited LPS-induced NO production in RAW264.7 cells.

(-)-Asarinin (Eleutheroside B4) shows antibacterial activity.

Moscatin (Plicatol, 4-methoxyphenanthrene-2,5-diol) is a diphenyl derivative that can be extracted from Dendrobium nobile Lindl. It inhibits arachidonic acid-induced platelet aggregation, and is able to inhibit Candida albicans virulence and growth by down-regulating the expression of genes such as ERG, HSP, and ALS.

1. p-Hydroxybenzaldehyde (p-Oxybenzaldehyde) shows an inhibitory effect on the GABA transaminase to contribute to an antiepileptic and anticonvulsive activity, and its inhibitory activity was higher than that of valproic acid, a known anticonvulsant.

Parishin E is a natural product from Gastrodia elata,have antioxidant property.

Dactylorhin A, a succinate derivative ester isolated from the rhizomes of Gymnadenia conopsea, exhibits a moderate inhibitory effect on nitric oxide (NO) production in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells.

Vanillin (Zimco) is a single molecule extracted from vanilla beans and also a popular odor used widely in perfume, food and medicine.Vanillin can reversibly and non-competitively inhibit the cellulase activity at appropriate concentrations and the value of IC50 was estimated to be 30 g/L.Vanillin protects KSC from UVB irradiation and its effects may occur through the suppression of downstream step of MDM2 in UVB irradiation-induced p53 activation. Vanillin also inhibits yeast growth and fermentation.

Asatone, an active component isolated from Radix et Rhizoma Asari, has an anti-inflammatory effect via activation of NF-κB and downregulation of p-MAPK (ERK, JNK, and p38) pathways.

Gymnoside III is a natural product from Gymnadenia conopsea.

Methyl Kakuol is an agonist of TRPA1 with an EC50 of 0.27 µM and can be used in studies about acting as an active ingredient in MBST constituent Asiasari Radix.

Shancigusin I is a natural product from the tuber of Cremastra appendiculata.

Vanillic acid glucoside (Vanillic acid 4-β-D-glucoside) is a dimeric oxaloside isolated from Hypericum persica.