Vanillin (Zimco) is a single molecule extracted from vanilla beans and also a popular odor used widely in perfume, food and medicine.Vanillin can reversibly and non-competitively inhibit the cellulase activity at appropriate concentrations and the value of IC50 was estimated to be 30 g/L.Vanillin protects KSC from UVB irradiation and its effects may occur through the suppression of downstream step of MDM2 in UVB irradiation-induced p53 activation. Vanillin also inhibits yeast growth and fermentation.

The Vanillin with LD50 by oral is 1.58 g/ kg, 1.40 g/kg, 3.0 g/kg for rats,guinea pigs, rabbits,respectively.Several studies of oral toxicity in rats have reported that Vanillin is consumed in many cycles without side effects.

Ligand Binding Assay: To determine the binding affinity of T0070907 to the PPARs, scintillation proximity assay (SPA) is performed with the following modifications. A 90-μl reaction contains SPA buffer (10 mm KH2PO4, 10 mm KH2PO4, 2 mm EDTA, 50 mm NaCl, 1 mm dithiothreitol, 2 mmCHAPS, 10% (v/v) glycerol, pH 7.1), 50 ng of GST-PPARγ (or 150 ng of GST-PPARα, GST-PPARδ), 5 nm 3H-labeled radioligands, and 5 μl of T0070907 in Me2SO. After incubation for 1 h at room temperature, 10 μl of polylysine-coated SPA beads (at 20 mg/ml in SPA buffer) are added, and the mixtureis incubated for 1 h before reading in Packard Topcount. [3H]Rosiglitazone is used for PPARγ, and [3H]GW2433 is used for PPARα and PPARδ.