west nile virus

Palmatine chloride an isoquinoline alkaloid, is an important medicinal herbal extract with diverse pharmacological and biological properties.

1. Palmatine (Burasaine) is an inhibitor of dopamine generation. 2. Palmatine could potentially be developed for the treatment of flavivirus infections. 3. Palmatine has been used in the treatment of jaundice, dysentery, hypertension, inflammation, and liver-related diseases.

Melianone exhibits antiviral activity (EC50s: 3-11μM) against three important human pathogens, belonging to the Flaviviridae family, West Nile virus, Dengue virus, and Yellow Fever virus.

Palmatine hydroxide is an orally active, irreversible inhibitor of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO-1), demonstrating IC50 values of 3 μM for HEK 293-hIDO-1 and 157μM for rhIDO-1. Additionally, it uncompetitively inhibits the West Nile virus (WNV) NS2B-NS3 protease with an IC50 of 96 μM. This compound exhibits a range of biological activities, including anti-cancer, anti-oxidation, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, antibacterial, and antiviral effects.