thionine

Thionin acetate (Thionine acetate) is a widely used metachromatic cationic dye in histological staining.

Methylene Blue trihydrate (Basic blue 9) is a compound consisting of dark green crystals or crystalline powder, having a bronze-like luster. Solutions in water or alcohol have a deep blue color. Methylene Blue trihydrate is used as a bacteriologic stain and as an indicator. It inhibits soluble guanylyl cyclase and has been used to treat cyanide poisoning and to lower levels of methemoglobin. It also inhibits tau filament formation (IC50: 1.9μM).

Methylene Blue (Tetramethylthionine chloride) (IC50 of 1.9 μM) inhibits tau filament formation. And it inhibits soluble guanylyl cyclase. It is also used as a dye in chromoendoscopy.

Azure C, the product of sequential enzymatic oxidation of Methylene blue (MB) or Azure B (AB), serves as the substrate of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) [1] [2].