multiple sclerosis

ZK824190 is an orally available and selective inhibitor of urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA), with IC50 values of 237 nM for uPA, 1600 nM for tPA, and 1850 nM for Plasmin.

BAF312 (Siponimod (BAF-312)), a next-generation S1P receptor modulator, is specific for S1P1 and S1P5 receptors with EC50 of 0.39 nM and 0.98 nM, respectively. The specificity of BAF312 for S1P1 and S1P5 receptors exhibits >1000-fold over S1P2, S1P3 and S1P4 receptors.

SRI-011381 hydrochloride, a new-type agonist of the TGF-beta signaling pathway, is utilized in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.

Opicinumab (BIIB033) is a novel monoclonal antibody against LINGO-1 that may be used to prevent and delay acute optic neuritis and recurrent multiple sclerosis.

DZ2002, an orally active, reversible, and low-cytotoxic type III SAHH inhibitor (Ki=17.9 nM), exhibits significant immunosuppressive activity. It effectively prevents experimental dermal fibrosis by reversing the profibrotic phenotype in multiple cell types, making it useful for studying autoimmune diseases like lupus syndrome and systemic sclerosis.

Silperisone HCl (RGH-5002) blocks sodium and calcium channels in cells, decreases excitability and contractility of muscle cells, reduces peripheral tone, and acts as a muscle relaxant and peripheral vasodilator. Silperisone HCl is used to treat recurrent painful myoclonus due to spinal cord injury, abnormal hypertonia due to cerebrovascular disease, dystonia symptoms, cone tension syndrome, multiple sclerosis myospasm and myelitis. silperisone is a sodium channel protein type 2 alpha channel blocker. silperisone is an organosilicon similar to tolperisone, an organosilicon compound with centrally acting muscle relaxant properties.

CYM5181 is related to the body's immune system and can be used to study multiple sclerosis, transplant rejection, and adult respiratory distress syndrome.

Firategrast (SB 683699) is an orally active and specific α4β1 α4β7 integrin antagonist that reduces the transport of lymphocytes into the central nervous system (CNS) and decreases multiple sclerosis (MS) activity. It is used in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis, associated with modest reductions in CD4, CD8, and CD19 lymphocyte counts in cerebrospinal fluid.

Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is an Nrf2 activator with oral activity and blood-brain barrier permeability. Dimethyl fumarate has antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory activities and has been used in the study of multiple sclerosis.

Tolperisone hydrochloride (Muscalm), a centrally acting muscle relaxant, is used in the therapy of pathologically increased tone of the cross-striated muscle resulted by neurological diseases (damage of the encephalomyelitis, myelopathy, multiple sclerosis, pyramidal tract) and of spastic paralysis and other encephalopathies manifested with muscular dystonia.

Baclofen (Lioresal) is a synthetic chlorophenyl-butanoic acid derivative used to treat spasms due to spinal cord damage and multiple sclerosis, muscle-relaxing Baclofen acts as a gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) agonist specific for GABA-B receptors. It acts at spinal and supraspinal sites, reducing excitatory transmission.

Cladribine (2CdA), an adenosine deaminase inhibitor, is utilized in the treatment of lymphoproliferative diseases.

Heptadecanoic acid is a fatty acid of exogenous (primarily ruminant) origin. Many odd length long chain amino acids are derived from the consumption of dairy fats (milk and meat). Heptadecanoic acid constitutes 0.61% of milk fat and 0.83% of ruminant me

Teriflunomide (A 77-1726) is the principal active metabolite of leflunomide, an approved therapy for rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis.

BIA 10-2474 is a long-acting reversible inhibitor of fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) that increases levels of the neurotransmitter anandamide in the central nervous system and in peripheral tissues (that is, the rest of the body other than the brain and spinal cord). BIA 10-2474(BIA10-2474) interacts with the human endocannabinoid system. BIA 10-2474(BIA10-2474) was in development for the treatment of a range of different medical conditions from anxiety to Parkinson's disease, also for the treatment of chronic pain of multiple sclerosis, Y, hypertension or the treatment of obesity.

IFB-088 acetate, a benzyl guanidine derivative, is used to treat diseases and cancers associated with the PPP1R15A pathway and associated with protein misfolding stress, Examples include tau disease, synaptic riboprotein disease, polyglutamine and polyalanine diseases, leukodystrophy, cystic fibrosis, multiple sclerosis, lysosome storage disorders, amyloidosis diseases, inflammation, metabolic disorders, cardiovascular diseases, osteoporosis, neurological trauma, and more.

Natalizumab used for the treatment of relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis and Crohn's disease.

14-Epiandrographolide is a compound derived from the above-ground parts of Andrographis paniculata that induces cell differentiation and can be used in the study of multiple sclerosis.

BN201 (OCS-05) is a drug with neuroprotective and myelin repair effects, which acts mainly by activating serum glucocorticoid kinase-2 (SGK2), which in turn activates the FOXO3 pathway to promote neuronal survival and myelin repair. It is mainly used for the treatment of inflammatory neurological diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS) and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE).BN201 is able to regulate multiple kinases in the insulin growth factor 1 (IGF1) pathway and cross the blood-brain barrier.

PSB-22269 is identified as a GPR17 antagonist with a Ki value of 8.91 nM. It exhibits significant inhibitory effects in cAMP and G protein activation assays. Molecular docking studies indicate that the binding site of PSB-22269 includes positively charged arginine residues and a hydrophobic pocket. PSB-22269 promotes myelin regeneration strategies, offering potential for multiple sclerosis research.

CP-865569 is a CCR1 antagonist useful in the research of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, including conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis.

SMW139 is a selective allosteric antagonist of the P2X7 receptor, exhibiting a Ki value of 32 nM for human P2X7R. In rat liver microsomes, its half-life is 47 minutes. SMW139 is applicable in research related to inflammation, Alzheimer's disease, and multiple sclerosis.

STAT4-IN-1 is a STAT4 inhibitor with a Ki of 0.35 μM. It holds promise for research into autoimmune diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and diabetes.

SARM1-IN-4 (Compound 7) is an orally active SARM1 inhibitor that reduces plasma neurofilament light chain (NfL) levels in a mouse model following a 50 mg/kg oral dose. By inhibiting the NAD+ hydrolase activity of SARM1, it prevents programmed axon degeneration, making it useful for research in neurodegenerative and neurological diseases such as multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, and peripheral neuropathy.