expectorant

Guaifenesin (Guaiphenesin) is an expectorant that also has some muscle relaxing action. It is used in many cough preparations.

Ambroxol (NA-872) is a secretolytic agent used in the treatment of respiratory diseases associated with viscid or excessive mucus. It is the active ingredient of Mucosolvan, Lasolvan or Mucoangin. The substance is a mucoactive drug with several properties including secretolytic and secretomotoric actions that restore the physiological clearance mechanisms of the respiratory tract which play an important role in the body's natural defense mechanisms. It stimulates synthesis and release of surfactant by type II pneumocytes. Surfactants act as an anti-glue factor by reducing the adhesion of mucus to the bronchial wall, in improving its transport and in providing protection against infection and irritating agents.

Potassium guaiacolsulfonate hemihydrate (Potassium guaiacolsulfonate) is an aromatic sulfonic acid used in medicine as an expectorant.

Ambroxol hydrochloride (Mucosolvan) is a metabolite of BROMHEXINE that stimulates mucociliary action and clears the air passages in the respiratory tract. It is usually administered as the hydrochloride.

1. Polyphyllin VI has hemostasis , expectorant , bacteriostasis, anticytotoxic, anti pregnancy kill sperm effects.

IQB-782 is a mucolytic agent with mucolytic expectorant activity.IQB-782 inhibits thrombin-activating fibrinolytic inhibitor (TAFI), protects rats from tobacco smoke-induced respiratory obstruction, reduces the viscosity of gastric mucin suspensions in vitro, and may be useful in studies of obstructive lung disease.IQB-782 has been shown to reduce the viscosity of gastric mucin suspensions in vitro.

Terpin hydrate, a cis-form hydrate, is derived from sources such as oil of turpentine, oregano, thyme, and eucalyptus. It is used as an insect repellent and expectorant. Terpin hydrate(cis-Terpin hydrate) is commonly used to loosen mucus and ease congestion in patients presenting with acute or chronic bronchitis, and related pulmonary conditions. It was popular in the United States since the late nineteenth century, but was removed from marketed medications in the 1990s after the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) stated that "based on the evidence currently available, there are inadequate data to establish general recognition of the safety and effectiveness of these ingredients". Elixirs of terpin hydrate are still available with a prescription but must be prepared by a compounding pharmacy.

Guaiacol (2-Methoxyphenol) is a precursor to various flavorants, such as eugenol and vanillin. Its derivatives are used medicinally as an expectorant, antiseptic, and local anesthetic. It also can be used as an indicator in chemical reactions that produce oxygen. When oxygen binds to it, the complex turns yellowish brown and absorbs light maximally at about 470 nm.

L-Cysteine methyl ester hydrochloride (L-Cysteine methyl ester hydrochloride (Acdrile)) is an antitussive and an expectorant agent, used to relieve breathing difficulties caused by mucus.

Sodium aceneuramate, the sodium salt of aceneuramic acid (sialic acid), serves as an effective inhalant expectorant. Upon inhalation, this compound alleviates airway inflammation and enables bronchitic rabbits to expectorate sputa resembling the low viscosity of normal airway secretions.

Brovanexine is known for its expectorant properties, selectively enhancing secretions from SG and dissolving acidic glycoproteins within secretory cell granules.

Sodium aceneuramate, a sodium salt of aceneuramic acid (sialic acid), serves as an efficacious inhalant expectorant. Upon inhalation, it alleviates airway inflammation and facilitates the production of sputa with reduced viscosity in bronchitic rabbits, mirroring the characteristics of normal air-way secretions.

Stepronin (TTPG) shows expectorant activities and inhibits airway secretion.

Bromhexine is an expectorant/mucolytic agent which can be used in the treatment of respiratory disorders associated with excessive mucus or viscid.

Cistinexine is an expectorant and mucolytic from cystine.

Hederacoside C (Hederasaponin C) is expectorant for Cold and cough relief, Bronchitis.

Lysionotin (Nevadensin) has expectorant, eliminating phlegm, softening effects.

Platycodin D may stimulate TNF-α synthesis or inhibit degradation of TNF-α mRNA. Platycodin D (10/30 μM) suppresses prostaglandin E2 production in rat peritoneal macrophages stimulated by the protein kinase C activator 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol 13-acetate (TPA). Platycodin D and D3 are useful as expectorant agents in the treatment of various airway diseases, they can increase mucin release from rat and hamster tracheal surface epithelial cell culture and also from intact rat trachea upon nebulization.

Polyphyllin II (Chonglou Saponin II) has hemostasis, expectorant, bacteriostasis, anticytotoxic, anti-pregnancy kill sperm effects.

Polygalic acid (Senegenic acid), a triterpenoid saponin, is a major active ingredient in Polygala tenuifolia. Polygalic acid shows expectorant, emetic and stimulant effects.

Epigambogic acid is a small molecule compound from Garcinia Cambogia with anti-tumor, antitussive, expectorant and anti-inflammatory activities.

Oroxin A (Baicalein 7-O-glucoside) has antitussive and expectorant effects.

Guaiacol Carbonate is an expectorant that acts via virtue of a reflex from the stomach by way of the afferent gastric nerves to the medullary centers, then via peripherally again to the respiratory tract[1].

Letosteine (Viscotiol) is an orally active, effective, and safe expectorant that can be used in the study of acute or chronic respiratory diseases, for example, bronchopulmonary disease. Letosteine dissolves bronchial mucus and reduces symptoms of respiratory inflammation and restores gas exchanges and natural defense mechanisms in the lung[1] [2] [3].