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L-Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) is a natural product that is a potent reducing agent and antioxidant. L-Ascorbic acid functions in fighting bacterial infections, in detoxifying reactions, and in the formation of collagen. L-Ascorbic acid is used in the treatment of scurvy.

Rotenone (Rotocide) is a natural product and a botanical insecticide. Rotenone is a mitochondrial electron transport complex I inhibitor that promotes the production of reactive oxygen species in mitochondria and induces apoptosis.

NADP disodium salt (Disodium NADP) is a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide. NADP disodium salt is a key redox cofactor for electron transfer in the metabolism, serves as an electron carrier in a number of reactions, being alternately oxidized (NADP+) and reduced (NADPH).

NAD+ (β-Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide) is a coenzyme composed of ribosylnicotinamide 5'-diphosphate coupled to adenosine 5'-phosphate by pyrophosphate linkage. It is found widely in nature and is involved in numerous enzymatic reactions in which it serves as an electron carrier by being alternately oxidized (NAD+) and reduced (NADH).

Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) (ubiquinone) is a naturally occurring compound, acting as the electron carrier in the mitochondrial respiratory chain.

Pyrroloquinoline quinone disodium salt (Methoxatin disodium salt), an aromatic tricyclic o-quinone, is a redox cofactor for bacterial dehydrogenases. It is an efficient electron transfer catalyst from a number of organic substrates to molecular oxygen (O2), constructing quinoprotein model reactions.

NADH disodium salt (Disodium NADH) hydrate is the reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) that can donate electrons in a reducing reaction, becoming oxidized to produce NAD+. Various enzymes utilize NADH disodium salt hydrate plus H+ to reduce substrates, generating NAD+ and the reduced product.

Malonic acid (propanedioic acid) is the archetypal example of a competitive inhibitor: it acts against succinate dehydrogenase (complex II) in the respiratory electron transport chain. Malonic acid is found to be associated with malonyl-CoA decarboxylase deficiency, which is an inborn error of metabolism.

NADH disodium salt hydrate is a coenzyme of oxidoreductase. NADH acts as a regenerative electron donor during catabolic processes including glycolysis, the citric acid cycle and beta-oxidation.

Ammonium formate (Formic acid ammonium salt) is the simplest carboxylic acid. Formate is an intermediate in normal metabolism. It is responsible for both metabolic acidosis and disrupting mitochondrial electron transport and energy production by inhibiting cytochrome oxidase activity, the terminal electron acceptor of the electron transport chain. Cell death from cytochrome oxidase inhibition by formate is believed to result partly from depletion of ATP, reducing energy concentrations so that essential cell functions cannot be maintained. Furthermore, inhibition of cytochrome oxidase by formate may also cause cell death by increased production of cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) secondary to the blockade of the electron transport chain.

Oligomycin is an antifungal antibiotic that is an inhibitor of H+-ATP synthetase. The Oligomycin blocks oxidative phosphorylation and the electron transport chain. Oligomycin inhibited HIF-1alpha expression in hypoxic tumor cells.

Monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG), a polar lipid not forming bilayers, is located in the chloroplast thylakoid of aerobic photosynthetic organisms. This uncharged and highly unsaturated galactolipid creates a fluid environment aiding electron transfer diffusion in photosynthesis and can be used in natural protein packaging. Additionally, MGDG exhibits anti-inflammatory effects in vivo [1] [2].

Bacteriopheophytin, a photosynthetic pigment found in bacteria, is a demetallated form of bacterial chlorophyll where the magnesium ion at the center is replaced by two hydrogen atoms. It functions as an electron acceptor within the reaction center (RC) of purple bacteria, playing a crucial role in the electron transfer process [1].

2-Amino-3-carboxy-1,4-naphthoquinone is an electron transfer mediator that can alter glucose metabolism in homofermentative lactic acid bacteria. It also serves as a novel growth stimulator for bifidobacteria, influencing their end-product profile through the mediated oxidation of NAD(P)H.

Tenuazonic acid is a putative nonhost-selective mycotoxin isolated from Alternaria alternate. Tenuazonic acid blocks electron transport beyond primary quinone acceptor (QA) by interacting with D1 protein and it is a broad-spectrum and effective photosyste

Coenzyme Q8 (Ubiquinone 8) is an isoprenoid quinone isolated from the plasma membrane of wild-type or long-lived qm30 and qm51 clk-1 mutant strains of Cryptomeria cepacia that mediates electron transfer in the aerobic respiratory chain and reduces oxidative stress.

Maculosidine affect the PS I electron acceptors on leaf discs, it can inhibit ATP synthesis, basal, phosphorylating and uncoupled electron transport acting as Hill reaction inhibitors on spinach chloroplasts.

Lasiodiplodin may have potential anti-inflammatory activity, it shows moderate suppression effects on induced NO production. Lasiodiplodin inhibits electron transport chain.

Coenzyme Q6 (Ubiquinone 30), an isoprenylated benzoquinone lipid, plays a pivotal role in respiratory electron transport and acts as a lipid antioxidant. Besides, it possesses antioxidant properties that inhibit the generation of free radicals and prevent oxidative damage [1].

2-Aminoimidazole is a potent antimicrobial agent that effectively targets drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis by disrupting the proton motive force and blocking the electron transport chain, potentiates the action of beta-lactam antibiotics against Mycobacterium tuberculosis by decreasing the secretion of beta-lactamases and increasing the permeability of cell membranes, activates drug-resistant bacteria and improves therapeutic efficacy.

Stigmatellin is an antibiotic derived from the cell mass of the myxobacterium, effective against yeasts (yeasts), filamentous fungi (filamentous fungi), and several Gram-positive bacteria (Gram-positive bacteria). Additionally, it serves as a potent inhibitor of photosynthetic electron (photosynthetic electron) transfer. Stigmatellin utilizes various sugars, polysaccharides, and acids from the citric acid cycle as substrates, inhibiting RNA and protein synthesis. It has two different inhibitory sites: one located on the reducing side of photosystem II and the other at the cytochrome b6 f complex. Stigmatellin holds potential for use in antimicrobial and photosynthesis research.

Coenzyme Q9 (Ubiquinone 9) (CoQ9) is a normal constituent of human plasma. CoQ9 in human plasma may originate as a product of incomplete CoQ10 biosynthesis or from the diet.

Siderin, a Photosystem II inhibitor, effectively impedes ATP synthesis and chloroplast electron transport in photosynthesis within isolated spinach chloroplasts and is utilized in research on plant photosynthesis [1].

HQNO is a natural product isolated from P. aeruginosa,and is a potent inhibitor of electron transport chain(Kd of 64 nM for complex III). It also is a potent mitochondrial NDH-2 inhibitorin many species.