dsrna

Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid sodium (Poly(I:C) sodium) is a synthetic analog of double-stranded RNA and an agonist of toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) and retinoic acid inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RIG-I and MDA5).

TLR3-IN-1 (CU CPT 4a) is a selective TLR3 inhibitor (IC50: 3.44 μM in RAW 264.7 cells). It can inhibit TLR3 dsRNA complex-mediated downstream signaling pathways and inhibit the production of TNF-α and IL-1β in whole cells.

Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (Poly(I:C)) is a synthetic double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) analog and an agonist of TLR3 as well as retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) and melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 (MDA5). It can induce innate immune responses in mammals and serve as a vaccine adjuvant to enhance both innate and adaptive immunity, while modulating the tumor microenvironment and directly inducing apoptosis in cancer cells. Poly(I:C) is commonly used to establish acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) animal models for studying immune responses and disease mechanisms.

HCoV-229E-IN-1 is a potent inhibitor of HCoV-229E replication, demonstrating efficacy with EC50 values of 0.65 μM in MTS cells and 0.6 μM in CPE cells[1].

Nedosiran (DCR-PHXC) is a GalNAc-dsRNA conjugate designed for RNA interference (RNAi) targeting lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). It serves as a potential therapeutic option for patients with primary hyperoxaluria (PH) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD).

Poly(I:C):Kanamycin (1:1) is a compound comprising an equal mixture of synthetic double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), specifically Poly(I:C), a Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) agonist, and kanamycin, a positively charged (poly-NH3) antibiotic. The positive charge of kanamycin interacts with the negatively charged Poly(I:C), stabilizing the molecule.

Nedosiran sodium, a GalNAc-dsRNA conjugate, is engineered to suppress the synthesis of the hepatic lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) enzyme.

Myristicin (Myristicine) is a natural product found in spices and umbelliferous plants. Myristicin has anti-cholinergic, Antibacterial, and hepatoprotective effects, it also has anti-inflammatory properties related with its inhibition of NO, cytokines,chemokines, and growth factors in dsRNA-stimulated macrophages via the calcium pathway. Myristicin can induce Apoptosis as characterised by alterations in the mitochondrial membrane potential, cytochrome c release, Caspase-3 activation, PARP-cleavage and DNA fragmentation.