colorectal cancer cells

(-)-Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG) is a phenolic antioxidant polyphenol flavonoid found in plants such as green and black tea, which inhibits telomerase and DNA methyltransferase, blocks the activation of EGF receptors and HER-2 receptors, inhibits cellular oxidation, and prevents free radical damage to cells.

(E Z)-Polydatin (Polydatin), is a natural precursor and glycoside form of resveratrol with a monocrystalline structure. While it is isolated from the bark of Picea sitchensis or Polygonum cuspidatum, Polydatin may be detected in grape, peanut, hop cones, red wines, hop pellets, cocoa-containing products, chocolate products and many daily diets. Polydatin possesses anti-inflammatory, immunoregulatory, anti-oxidative and anti-tumor activities. It is shown to mediate a cytotoxic action on colorectal cancer cells by inducing cell arrest and apoptosis.

Ethoxysanguinarine (6-Ethoxydihydrosanguinarine) shows human blood acetylcholinesterase (HuAChE) and human plasma butyrylcholinesterase (HuBuChE) inhibitory activity, with IC50 values of 0.83 + - 0.04 microM and 4.20 + - 0.19 microM, respectively.

Chevalone C is a meroterpenoid fungal metabolite originally isolated from E. chevalieri. It is active against M. tuberculosis H37Ra (MIC = 6.3 μg/ml) and is cytotoxic to BC1 human breast cancer cells (IC50 = 8.7 μg/ml). Chevalone C inhibits the growth of multidrug-resistant isolates of E. coli, S. aureus, and E. faecium in a disc diffusion assay when used at a concentration of 15 μg/disc. It also induces cell death in HCT116 colorectal carcinoma cells.

Dehydroglyasperin D exhibits anticancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity, antioxidant and anti-aldose reductase effects, it inhibits the proliferation of HT-29 human colorectal cancer cells through direct interaction with phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; it also mediates suppression of both COX-2 expression and the MLK3 signalling pathway through direct binding and inhibition of MLK3. Dehydroglyasperin D shows strong ferric reducing activities and effectively scavenged DPPH, ABTS(+), and singlet oxygen radicals.

3-O-Methylgallic acid (3,4-Dihydroxy-5-methoxybenzoic acid) reduces cell proliferation in Caco-2 cells (IC50 = 24.1 μM) more effectively than anthocyanins and may offer protection against colon cancer after its formation in the gut. It inhibits transcription factors NF-κB, AP-1, STAT-1, and OCT-1, which are known to be activated in colorectal cancer.

Dehydrovomifoliol could be a marker of Polish heather honey. Dehydrovomifoliol exhibits moderate acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activities. Dehydrovomifoliol shows significant cytotoxic activities against three human cancer cell lines, namely, HONE-1 nasopharyngeal, KB oral epidermoid carcinoma, and HT29 colorectal carcinoma cells, and the IC(50) values in the range 3.7-8.1 microM.

(±)-Enterodiol, the racemate of Enterodiol, is metabolized from lignans found in whole-grain cereals, nuts, legumes, flaxseed, and vegetables by human intestinal bacteria. This compound exhibits apoptotic effects in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells and has been identified to possess anti-cancer activities [1] [2].