anti virus agent 1

Anti-virus agent 1 (compound 4i), a phosphoramidate prodrug of GS-5734, exhibits potent antiviral efficacy and is primarily utilized in coronavirus and Ebola virus (EBOV) research.

1. Ginkgetin has anti-influenza virus and anti-fungal activities. 2. Ginkgetin has anti-inflammatory activity, can down-regulates COX-2 induction in vivo against skin inflammatory responses. 3. Ginkgetin is a good STAT3 inhibitor and may be a useful lead

Umifenovir is a potent, orally active broad-spectrum antiviral agent with activity against enveloped and non-enveloped viruses, suppressing virus propagation and modulating the expression of inflammatory cytokines for use as an anti-influenza virus agent [3]. It effectively inhibits the fusion of the virus with host cells [1] [2] and is an efficient inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 in vitro [2].

Denotivir (Vratizolin) is an orally active antiviral agent effective against herpes simplex virus (HSV) and varicella-zoster virus (VZV). It inhibits the proliferation of various cancer cells and possesses anti-leukemic properties. Additionally, Denotivir suppresses the production of TNF-α, IL-1, and IL-6, demonstrating immunosuppressive effects.

Anti-PEDV agent 1 (Compound D39) is a potent inhibitor of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) with an EC50 value of 0.09 μM. By modulating intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis, it obstructs the early internalization of PEDV during the viral entry stage. Anti-PEDV agent 1 shows promise for use in PEDV infection research.

Anti-HIV agent 1 (compound 10i) is a potent antiviral agent with significant activity against HIV, showing an IC50 of 10.6 nM. It exhibits moderate or negligible inhibitory activity against RT mutant strains, while maintaining efficacy against the wild-type virus. Additionally, anti-HIV agent 1 demonstrates pronounced dual inhibitory effects on both the viral attachment and reverse transcription stages of the virus life cycle. This compound is applicable for research in HIV infection.

NHC-diphosphate, a phosphorylated intracellular metabolite of β-d-N4-Hydroxycytidine (NHC) in its diphosphate form[1], serves as a potent antiviral agent. As a pyrimidine ribonucleoside, NHC effectively counters the replication of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV), Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), and hepatitis C virus (HCV)[1].

Pentagalloylglucose (Penta-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose) is a natural product functioning as an apoptosis and autophagy inducer. Possessing oral bioavailability, this compound exhibits diverse pharmacological effects including antiviral and antitumor activities through modulation of the GSK3β/β-catenin and p53 signaling pathways.

Isatin-β-thiosemicarbazone is a potent inhibitor of herpes simplex virus (HSV), exhibiting antiviral activity against both HSV-1 and HSV-2. Moreover, it is an effective anti-poxvirus agent for the treatment of monkeypox, orthopox, and cowpox viruses.

Antiviral agent 17 (Compound 4) is an anti-infection compound with strong antiviral effects, demonstrated by an EC50 of 0.015 μM in a human replicon assay, and effective against murine norovirus. It has potential applications in studying infectious and malignant diseases[1].

Acyclovir monophosphate is a potent anti-Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) agent with antitumor activity, blocking DNA synthesis by inhibiting viral DNA polymerase and terminating viral DNA chain elongation [1] [2].

L-I-OddU, a potent and selective anti-Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) agent, is a L-5'-halo-dioxolane nucleoside analogue. It demonstrates antiviral activity by effectively suppressing replicative EBV DNA and viral protein synthesis [1] [2]. With an EC 50 value of 0.03 μM, L-I-OddU exhibits high potency against EBV while maintaining low cytotoxicity, as indicated by its CC 50 value of 1000 nM.

Antiviral agent 10 effectively inhibits the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) [1], serving as a potent anti-viral compound.

Anti-TSWV agent 1 is a highly effective inactivator (EC50:144 μg/mL) of tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV).

AMD-3451 free base is a dual CCR5/CXCR4 antagonist which may be useful in the treatment of a wide variety of R5, R5/X4, and X4 strains of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and HIV-2. AMD3451 is the first low-molecular-weight anti-HIV agent with selective HIV coreceptor, CCR5 and CXCR4, interaction.

Anti-IAV Agent 1-1a is an orally administered compound effective against the Influenza A virus (IAV), demonstrating inhibitory concentration 50 (IC50) values of 0.03 μM and 0.06 μM for the H1N1 strain and the Oseltamivir-resistant H1N1 strain of IAV, respectively.

HAA-09, an orally administered compound, serves as a powerful anti-influenza agent by targeting the influenza PB2_cap binding domain. It possesses significant activity against influenza A virus, exhibiting an EC50 of 0.03 μM, and demonstrates polymerase inhibition with an IC50 of 0.06±0.004 μM. Importantly, HAA-09 inhibits virus replication efficiently without inducing noticeable cytotoxicity [1].

HA-IN-1 (compound 5g), a high-affinity Hemagglutinin (HA) ligand, targets the trypsin cleavage site of HA to inhibit HA-mediated membrane fusion and decrease pulmonary virus titer in vivo. This compound emerges as a promising influenza A virus (IAV) inhibitor and anti-influenza agent [1].

Antiviral agent 35 (compound 4d) is a potent oral inhibitor of the influenza virus, targeting early stages of viral replication. It suppresses influenza-induced ROS accumulation, autophagy, apoptosis, and the inflammatory response mediated by the RIG-1 pathway in a mouse model of pulmonary infection. Its cytotoxicity is minimal in MDCK cells, with a CC50 greater than 800 μM, and it has anti-H1N1 (A/Weiss/43) activity with an EC50 of 2.28 μM [1].

Dihydrodehydrodiconiferyl alcohol 9-O-β-D-xylopyranoside serves as an anti-hepatitis B virus (anti-HBV) agent, effectively inhibiting the secretion of HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) and HBV e antigen (HBeAg) in the Hep G2.2.15 cell line, with IC50 values of 1.67 mM for HBsAg and over 2.15 mM for HBeAg [1].

7-Deoxy-trans-dihydronarciclasine is an alkaloid that functions as a tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) inhibitor with an IC50 of 1.80 μM and also serves as an anti-neuroinflammatory agent. This compound reduces Aβ and APP levels in the cerebral cortex of Tg2576 mice [1] [2] [3].

XSJ2-46, a 5'-amino NI analog, is an antiviral agent possessing anti-Zika virus properties and demonstrates reasonable inhibition of RNA-dependent RNA polymerases (RdRp), with an IC50 of 8.78 μM [1].

Anti-Influenza agent 5 (Compound IIB-2), a chalcone-like derivative, serves as an influenza nuclear export inhibitor, effectively inhibiting oseltamivir-resistant strains and hindering viral proliferation by obstructing the export of influenza virus nucleoprotein [1].

TMV-IN-8 (compound 7d) is an anti-tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) agent with an antiviral EC50 of 157.6 μg/mL. TMV-IN-8 blocks the assembly of TMV by binding with coat protein (Kd = 0.7 μM) and suppresses TMV coat protein gene expression and biosynthesis process [1].