amphipathic

Coenzyme Q9 (Ubiquinone 9) (CoQ9) is a normal constituent of human plasma. CoQ9 in human plasma may originate as a product of incomplete CoQ10 biosynthesis or from the diet.

Leupeptin hemisulfate is a protease inhibitor with cell membrane-permeable, reversible, competitive, and oral activities. Leupeptin hemisulfate inhibits the activity of Cathepsin B, Cathepsin H, and Cathepsin L, and blocks fusion of amphipathic lysosomes. Leupeptin hemisulfate also has anti-inflammatory activity.

LL-37, Human acetate is a 37-residue, amphipathic, cathelicidin-derived antimicrobial peptide, which exhibits a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity.

Pitstop2 is an amphipathic protein-bound inhibitor of the clathrin terminal domain (IC50=12 μM) with selectivity. Pitstop2 severely interferes with receptor-mediated endocytosis, HIV entry and synaptic vesicle cycling. Pitstop2 has antitumor activity.

5-Hexadecyl methotrexate is a amphipathic analog of methotrexate.

Dimethyldioctadecylammonium (DDA) is a cationic amphipathic lipid. DDA liposomes containing an Ag85B-ESAT-6 antigen induce antigen deposition at an intramuscular or subcutaneous injection site in mice, increasing immune cell exposure to the antigen. In a guinea pig model of M. tuberculosis infection, spleen bacterial load is reduced and lung and spleen lesion numbers are decreased when the mycobacterial lipid antigens Ac2SGL and PIM2 are administered in liposomes comprised of DDA and a synthetic analog of the mycobacterial cord factor trehalose 6,6-dibehenate (TDB). DDA has also been used in the study of lipid bilayer dynamics.

LAH4 TFA, an alpha-helix of the designed amphipathic peptide antibiotic, exhibits potent antimicrobial, nucleic acid transfection, and cell penetration capabilities, along with high plasmid DNA delivery capacities, and shows a strong affinity for anionic lipids in bacterial outer membranes [1] [2] [3].

KLA peptide is a cationic amphipathic mitochondrial membrane-disrupting peptide that can induce programmed cell death by targeting mitochondrial membranes, yet it lacks the ability to transverse the plasma membrane.

EB1 peptide (Penetrating analog), an amphipathic cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) derivative of Penetratin, holds promise for intracellular drug delivery research [1].

EAK16-II, an amphipathic peptide, concentration-dependently inhibits the self-sorting of EAKIIH6 [1].

st-Ht31, a cell-permeable stearated peptide derived from the amphipathic helix domain of A-kinase anchoring proteins (AKAPs), effectively binds protein kinase A (PKA), impacting PKA's cellular interactions without altering its activity. Specifically, at a 50 µM concentration, it reduces PKA's membrane anchoring in BHK-21 fibroblast reporter assays. Moreover, st-Ht31 at concentrations of 1 and 3 µM decreases both capacitance and hyperactivation in mouse sperm, thereby inhibiting in vitro fertilization. Additionally, at 50 µM, this compound facilitates cholesterol export in BHK-21 cells and RAW 264.7 macrophages expressing ATP-binding cassette transporter 1 (ABCA1), showcasing its multifaceted cellular impacts.

DOPE-PEG-Amine (MW 3400) is a phospholipid known for its excellent biocompatibility and distinct amphipathic properties. These characteristics make it an ideal and primary excipient or dosage form in pharmaceutical formulations, enabling enhanced therapeutic outcomes. Additionally, DOPE-PEG-Amine (MW 3400) can be utilized in drug delivery research.

LL-37, Human TFA (154947-66-7 free base) is a 37-residue amphipathic helical peptide, the sole human cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide exhibiting moderate antibacterial activity against diverse Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. LL-37, Human TFA binds to negatively charged bacterial membranes, disrupting cellular integrity. It also induces cellular immunomodulation, migration, proliferation, and differentiation, possesses anti-biofilm potential, and inhibits gastric cancer carcinogenesis.

Magainin 1 is an antimicrobial and amphipathic peptide isolated from the skin of Xenopus laevis.

LL-37, Human is a 37-residue, amphipathic, cathelicidin-derived antimicrobial peptide, which exhibits a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity.

The a-helix of the amphipathic peptide antibiotic LAH4 (KKALLALALHHLAHLALHLALALKKA-NH2) strongly interacts with phospholipid membranes, demonstrating in vitro transfection efficiencies comparable to those of commercially available reagents.

Pep-1-Cysteamine TFA is a chimeric cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) with primary amphipathic properties. It possesses the capability to traverse biological membranes and facilitate the intracellular delivery of active proteins.

LAH5 TFA is an amphipathic cell-penetrating peptide that efficiently delivers CRISPR-Cas9 components into the nuclei of target cells by forming nanocomplexes with RNP and RNP/HDR cargo.

Cys(Npys)-(D-Arg)9 is an amphipathic R9 cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) with cytotoxic effects on microspore cells at concentrations exceeding 1 nmol.