aldh-2

ALDH2 modulator 1 is a potent, orally active modulator of acetaldehyde dehydrogenase-2 (ALDH2), which reduces blood alcohol levels in mice.

4-Hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) (4-HNE) is an oxidative/nitrosative stress biomarker. It is a substrate and an inhibitor of acetaldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2).

CVT-10216 is a Potent and selective, reversible inhibitor of aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) (IC50: 29 nM). CVT-10216 also has inhibitory effect of ALDH-1 (IC50: 1.3 μM). CVT-10216 can reduce excessive alcohol drinking in alcohol-preferring rats and exhibit anxiolytic effects.

7-Hydroxy-4-phenylcoumarin is a dual inhibitor of ALDH-2 and MAO, with IC50 values of 1.5 µM and 0.5 µM, respectively.

Methyl diethyldithiocarbamate is an active metabolite of the aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitor disulfiram .1It is produced by methylation of the disulfiram metabolite diethyldithiocarbamate in mouse liver microsomes.2Methyl diethyldithiocarbamate inhibits liver low Kmaldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) in rats (ID50= 15.5 mg/kg).1It decreases mean arterial pressure (MAP) and increases heart rate during ethanol challenge in rats when administered at a dose of 20.6 mg/kg. 1.Hart, B.W., Yourick, J.J., and Faiman, M.D.S-methyl-N,N-diethylthiolcarbamate: A disulfiram metabolite and potent rat liver mitochondrial low Km aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitorAlcohol7(2)165-169(1990) 2.Gessner, T., and Jakubowski, M.Diethyldithiocarbamic acid methyl ester. A metabolite of disulfiramBiochem. Pharmacol.21(2)219-230(1972)

BODIPY-aminoacetaldehyde diethyl acetal (BAAA-DA) is a stable precursor to BODIPY-aminoacetaldehyde, a cell-permeable fluorescent substrate for aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH).1,2BODIPY-aminoacetaldehyde diethyl acetal is converted under acidic conditions to BODIPY-aminoacetaldehyde (BAAA).2BAAA is cell-permeant and is converted intracellularly by ALDH to BODIPY aminoacetate (BAA), which is retained by cells and can be used to identify cells with high ALDH activity.1BAA is a substrate for the efflux pump P-glycoprotein (P-gp) but co-application of BAAA with a P-gp inhibitor, such as verapamil , inhibits BAA efflux.2BAAA-DA has been used to isolate human hematopoietic progenitor cells, which have high ALDH activity, andviaflow cytometry to sort cancer stem cells that contain high levels of ALDH.1,3BAA used in cells can be excited at 488 nm and displays an emission maximum of 512 nm.4 1.Storms, R.W., Trujillo, A.P., Springer, J.B., et al.Isolation of primitive human hematopoietic progenitors on the basis of aldehyde dehydrogenase activityProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America96(16)9118-9123(1999) 2.Smith, C.A., Colvin, M., Storms, R.W., et al.BODIPY aminoacetaldehyde diethyl acetal08010501.81-15(2010) 3.Leng, Z., Yang, Z., Li, L., et al.A reliable method for the sorting and identification of ALDHhigh cancer stem cells by flow cytometryExp. Ther. Med.(2017) 4.Pomper, M.G., Wang, H., Minn, I., et al.Red fluorescent aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) substrate(2015)

DOPAL is an aldehyde product of the oxidative deamination of dopamine by monoamine oxidase.[1] It can be further oxidized to 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) by aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) and, to a lesser extent reduced to 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl ethanol (DOPET). DOPAL is toxic to neurons.[2],[3] It can also oligomerize and precipitate α-synuclein, an event associated with Parkinson's disease.[2] Mice lacking cytosolic and mitochondrial forms of ALDH display increased levels of DOPAL as well as neurodegeneration and motor dysfunction characteristic of Parkinson's disease.[4]

ALDH3A1-IN-2 (Compound 19), a potent inhibitor of aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs), demonstrates high efficacy against ALDH3A1 with an IC50 of 1.29 μM. Given the overexpression of ALDHs in multiple tumor types, including prostate cancer, ALDH3A1-IN-2 holds significant potential for cancer research [1].