a-tocopherol

α-Vitamin E is a naturally occurring form of vitamin E with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. α-Vitamin E can be used in research on oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, membrane damage, and inflammation-related diseases.

DL-alpha-Tocopherol (Ephanyl) is a synthetic vitamin E that protects skin fibroblasts from the cytotoxic effects of UV light and has antioxidant properties.

Beta-Tocopherol (Standard) is a reference standard for Beta-Tocopherol, suitable for quantitative analysis, quality control, and biochemical experiments. Beta-Tocopherol influences PMA-induced adhesion in human leukemia HEL cells.

DL-alpha-Tocopherol (Vitamin E) (Standard) is the standard substance of DL-alpha-Tocopherol (Vitamin E), and it is applicable for quantitative analysis, quality control, and related research in biochemical experiments. DL-alpha-Tocopherol (Ephanyl) is a synthetic vitamin E that protects skin fibroblasts from the cytotoxic effects of UV light and has antioxidant properties.

Delta-Tocopherol, an isomer of Vitamin E, possesses antioxidant activity and may serve as an effective ingredient in whitening cosmetics with reduced skin toxicity.

During hypoxia in rats, levels of α-tocopherylquinon have been found to rise. alpha-Tocopherolquinone (Metarene) is reported to downregulate the respiratory activity of mitochondria. alpha-Tocopherolquinone has also displayed antioxidant activities after it is reduced to tocopherylhydroquinone.

Delta-Tocopherol (Standard) is the standard substance of Delta-Tocopherol, and it is applicable for quantitative analysis, quality control, and related research in biochemical experiments. Delta-Tocopherol is an isomer of Vitamin E,has antioxidant activity,and might be useful as effective ingredients in whitening cosmetics with lower skin toxicity.

Beta-Tocopherol has effects on human erythroleukemia cell (HEL) adhesion induced by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA).

D-alpha-Tocopherol acetate (Vitamin E Acetate) is hydrolyzed to d-alpha-tocopherol (VE) and absorbed in the small intestine.

DL-α-tocopherol acetate (Vitamin E acetate) is a vitamin E derivative used as a vitamin E supplement in poultry feed.

Tocofersolan (TPGS) is a polyethylene glycol derivative of α-tocopherol and synthetic water-soluble version of Tocopherol. Tocofersolan is an oral treatment of vitamin E deficiency due to digestive malabsorption in pediatric patients with congenital chronic cholestasis or hereditary chronic cholestasis.

α-Tocopherol phosphate disodium salt is a water-soluble derivative of vitamin E that functions as an antioxidant, protecting rat hippocampal neurons against oxidative stress. α-Tocopherol phosphate disodium salt is also used to investigate molecular mechanisms of cellular protection and membrane transport, providing insights into neuroprotection and redox biology.

TPGS-750-M is an environmentally friendly amphiphilic surfactant composed of racemic α-tocopherol, MPEG-750, and succinic acid, suitable for metal-catalysed cross-coupling reactions in aqueous media.

α-Tocopherol phosphate (alpha-Tocopherol phosphate) is an antioxidant that scavenges UVA1-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and protects against long-wave UVA1-induced cell death. α-Tocopherol phosphate disodium (Vitamin E phosphate disodium) impedes endothelial progenitor cell apoptosis, enhances migration under high glucose/low oxygen conditions, and promotes angiogenesis.

β-Tocopherol (Standard) is a certified reference material of β-Tocopherol intended for quantitative analysis, quality control, and biochemical research, and as a vitamin E analog it exhibits antioxidant activity, suppresses tyrosinase activity and melanogenesis, and protects cells from growth inhibition and protein kinase C activity reduction induced by α-demethyl tocopherol.

(Rac)-γ-Tocopherol (DMPBQ) is an isoform of Vitamin E that is converted to γ-Tocopherol by tocopherol cyclase.

(+)-γ-Tocopherol ((+)-γ-Tocopherol) is one of the naturally occurring forms of Vitamin E. It is the most abundant Tocopherol in soybean and corn oils.

Vitamin E succinate (D-alpha-Tocopherol Succinate) is an antioxidant tocopherol that belongs to the vitamin E class of compounds Vitamin E succinate has antitumor activity, induces apoptosis, and is used as an adjuvant in the treatment of cancer and in the synthesis of INVITE, a biocoupling compound.

Tocofibrate is a peroxidative ester compound composed of clofibric acid and α-tocopherol.

Tocofenoxate is a semi-synthetic derivative of tocopherol, utilized as a Vitamin E supplement.

Tretinoin tocoferil (Tocoretinate) is a compound combining retinoic acid and tocopherol, commonly used for treating skin ulcers.

(±)-5,7-Dimethyltocol is a form of tocopherol. It has similar antioxidant activity to α-tocol, but lower activity than γ-tocol, in antioxidant assays using menhaden oil or squalene as substrates. It also increases microviscosity of rat liver liposomes containing phosphatidylcholine (PC) by 70.6% when used at a molar ratio of 0.2 to PC. (±)-Dimethyltocol has been used as an internal standard for the quantification of 5,7-tocol, α- and γ-tocopherol, and α- and γ-tocopheryl quinone by HPLC.

(±)10-HDHA is an autoxidation product of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in vitro.[1][2] It is also produced from incubations of DHA in rat liver, brain, and intestinal microsomes.[3][4][5] (±)10-HDHA is a potential marker of oxidative stress in brain and retina where DHA is an abundant polyunsaturated fatty acid. Reference:[1]. VanRollins, M., and Murphy, R.C. Autooxidation of docosahexaenoic acid: Analysis of ten isomers of hydroxydocosahexaenoate. J. Lipid Res. 25(5), 507-517 (1984).[2]. Reynaud, D., Thickitt, C.P., and Pace-Asciak, C.R. Facile preparation and structural determination of monohydroxy derivatives of docosahexaenoic acid (HDoHE) by α-tocopherol-directed autoxidation. Anal. Biochem. 214(1), 165-170 (1993).[3]. VanRollins, M., Baker, R.C., Sprecher, H., et al. Oxidation of docosahexaenoic acid by rat liver microsomes. J. Biol. Chem. 259(9), 5776-5783 (1984).[4]. Yamane, M., Abe, A., and Yamane, S. High-performance liquid chromatography-thermospray mass spectrometry of epoxy polyunsaturated fatty acids and epoxyhydroxy polyunsaturated fatty acids from an incubation mixture of rat tissue homogenate. J. Chromatogr. 652(2), 123-136 (1994).[5]. Kim, H.Y., Karanian, J.W., Shingu, T., et al. Sterochemical analysis of hydroxylated docosahexaenoates produced by human platelets and rat brain homogenate. Prostaglandins 40(5), 473-490 (1990).

Jacaric acid is a conjugated polyunsaturated fatty acid first isolated from seeds of Jacaranda plants. Structurally, it is an 18-carbon ω-6 triene isomer of γ-linolenic acid . Jacaric acid induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in a variety of cancer cell lines (GI50 = 1-5 μM). It increases the production of reactive oxygen species, and cytotoxicity is abolished by the antioxidant α-tocopherol, suggesting that apoptosis results from oxidative stress. Jacaric acid is metabolized in vivo to conjugated linoleic acid , which is also cytotoxic to cancer cells. Jacaric acid inhibits cyclooxygenase-1 in vitro (Ki = 1.7 μM) and, with long term feeding, decreases stearoyl-CoA desaturase expression and activity in mice.