Iridaceae

Transcrocetinate disodium (Disodium trans-crocetinate), extracted from saffron (Crocus sativus L.), is a high-affinity antagonist of NMDA receptor.

Tectorigenin (4',5,7-Trihydroxy-6-methoxyisoflavone) is an O-methylated isoflavone. Tectorigenin Promotes Osteoblast Differentiation and in vivo Bone Healing, but Suppresses Osteoclast Differentiation and in vivo Bone Resorption.

Picrocrocin is a natural product

Irigenin mediates its antimetastatic effect by specifically and selectively blocking the α9β1 and α4β1 integrin binding sites on the C-C loop of the Extra Domain A domain. It can sensitize TRAIL-induced apoptosis by enhancing the expression of pro-apoptotic molecules in gastric cancer cells and has anti-cancer effects.

Crocin (Gardenia Yellow) is a water-soluble carotenoid pigment of saffron (Crocus sativus L. ) that has been used as a spice for flavoring and coloring food preparations, and in Chinese traditional medicine as an anodyne or tranquilizer. Crocin suppresses tumor necrosis factor (TNF)alpha-induced apoptosis of pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells by modulating mRNA expressions of Bcl-2 family proteins, which trigger downstream signals culminating in caspase-3 activation followed by cell death. Crocin prevented the activation of nSMase by enhancing the transcription of gamma-glutamylcysteinyl synthase, which contributes to a stable glutathione supply that blocks the activity of nSMase.

Hydroxysafflor yellow A (Safflomin A) inhibits adipogenesis by increasing HSL promoter activities, effectively protects the liver from long-term alcohol injury by enhancing antioxidant capacity and inhibiting the expression of TGF-β, prevents steroid-induced avascular necrosis of the femoral head by inhibiting primary bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells, and exhibits anti-tumor effects.

Iristectorigenin A is a natural isoflavone isolated from the rhizomes of B. chinensis [with antioxidant activity].

Gardenia yellow (Crocin I) has anti atherosclerosis and hypolipidemic effects.

Tectoridin (Shekanin) possesses an estrogenic and thyroid hormone-like agent by activating estrogen and thyroid hormone receptors. Tectoridin has anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and hypoglycemic activities; Tectoridin and its five metabolites inhibits the activities of lens aldose reductase in rat (IC : 1.4-15.5 μM).

1. Irisflorentin blocks apoptosis pathways, by exerting its effects by promoting rpn-3 expression to enhance the activity of proteasomes and down-regulating egl-1 expression. 2. Irisflorentin has anti-inflammatory mechanism in LPS-activated RAW 264.7 macr

Crocin II (Crocetin gentiobiosylglucosyl ester) has anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects against gastric ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats, the effect of crocin is mainly mediated by reducing the protein expression of iNOS and caspase-3. Crocin II can ameliorate CCl4-induced liver injury via inhibition of inflammatory cytokines, caspase3 and oxidative stress along with modulation of liver metabolizing enzymes favoring elimination of CCl4 toxic metabolite. Crocin II has antihyperlipidemic effect, may be due to the inhibition of pancreatic lipase and crocin, and its metabolite, Crocin II , can improve hyperlipidemia. Crocin has antidepressant effects by increasing CREB, BDNF and VGF levels in hippocampus.

Safranal is the special volatile aroma compound of saffron

Transcrocetin (8,8'-Diapocarotenedioic Acid) is a singlet oxygen quencher.

Goodyeroside A is a natural glycoside that inhibits liver damage caused by substances such as carbon tetrachloride, and is also effective in suppressing inflammation by inhibiting the NF-κB signalling pathway.

Iristectorigenin B (Iristectrigenin B) is a potent hepatic X-receptor (LXR) modulator and a small molecule compound isolated from *Belamcanda chinensis*. It promotes the expression of ABCA264 and ABCG7 in macrophage RAW 1.1 cells.

Iridin (Lridin) is major active ingredient of Iris dichotoma which could be used as the drug for pain, inflammation treatment

Crocin is a water-soluble carotenoid pigment of saffron (Crocus sativus L.). Crocin has anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, anti-apoptotic, anti-asthma, anti-cancer, and hypolipidemic effects.

Tectoruside is a phenolic glycoside derived from Iris and Leopard lily with antimutagenic and antioxidant activity that attenuates palmitate-induced endothelial insulin resistance by targeting ROS-associated inflammation and the IRS-1 pathway Tectoruside can be used in cancer research.

4',6,7-Trimethoxyisoflavone promotes wound healing through NOX2 induction, which leads to collective migration and MMP activation.

Iristectorin A, an isoflavone compound derived from Iris tectorum Maxim, is a lactate dehydrogenase inhibitor that is used in cancer research.

Eleutherol is a natural naphthoquinone exhibiting antifungal activity, inhibiting Candida albicans, Candida parapsilosis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Cryptococcus neoformans with MIC values ranging from 7.8 to 250 µg/mL.

Eleutherin, a natural naphthoquinone derivative, exerts protective effects on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and inhibits carrageenan-induced hyperalgesia in mice.

Iristectorene B is a natural product from Iris tectorum.

Iristectorin B is a natural isoflavone that inhibits breast cancer cell proliferation, modulates ferroptosis in PC12 cells, and reduces Ca²⁺, LDH, and ROS levels, making it suitable for stroke research.