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Mitophagy

Mitophagy is the selective degradation of mitochondria by autophagy. It often occurs to defective mitochondria following damage or stress. Mitophagy is key in keeping the cell healthy. It promotes turnover of mitochondria and prevents accumulation of dysfunctional mitochondria which can lead to cellular degeneration. It is mediated by Atg32 (in yeast) and NIX and its regulator BNIP3 in mammals. Mitophagy is regulated by PINK1 and parkin proteins. In addition to the selective removal of damaged mitochondria, mitophagy is also required to adjust mitochondrial numbers to changing cellular metabolic needs, for steady-state mitochondrial turnover, and during certain cellular developmental stages, such as during cellular differentiation of red blood cells.

Olaparib
T3015763113-22-0
Olaparib (KU0059436) is a small molecule inhibitor of PARP1 PARP2 (IC50=5 1 nM), with weak inhibitory activity against PARP tankyrase-1 (IC50=1.5 μM), and is selective and orally active. Olaparib exhibits autophagy and mitochondrial autophagy activation activity.
  • $31
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Ruxolitinib
T1829941678-49-5
Ruxolitinib (INCB018424) is a JAK1 2 inhibitor (IC50=3.3 2.8 nM) that is potent and selective. Rixolitinib exhibits antitumor activity and induces autophagy and apoptosis.
  • $42.4
  • $53
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Ruxolitinib phosphate
T30431092939-17-7
Ruxolitinib phosphate (INCB18424 phosphate) is a JAK1 2 inhibitor with IC50 of 3.3 nM 2.8 nM. Its selectivity for JAK1 2 is more than 130 times that of JAK3.
  • $44
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Mdivi-1
T1907338967-87-6
Mdivi-1 (Mitochondrial division inhibitor 1) is a mitochondrial division inhibitor that inhibits DRP1 and Dynamin I (IC50=1-10 μM). Mdivi-1 inhibits mitochondrial autophagy.
  • $39
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Metformin
T8526657-24-9
Metformin (1,1-Dimethylbiguanide) is an AMPK activator with blood-brain barrier permeability. Metformin may improve glycemic control by increasing insulin sensitivity and decreasing intestinal glucose uptake, and is commonly used in type 2 diabetes research.
  • $39
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ABT-737
T2099852808-04-9
ABT-737 is a BH3 mimetic and an inhibitor of Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, and Bcl-w (EC50=30.3 nM 78.7 nM 197.8 nM). ABT-737 exhibits antitumor activity and anti-aging activity.
  • $64
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Deferoxamine Mesylate
T1637138-14-7
Deferoxamine Mesylate (DFOM) is an iron chelator and ferroptosis inhibitor. Deferoxamine Mesylate binds free iron into a stable complex and reduces iron accumulation. Deferoxamine Mesylate up-regulates HIF-1α levels and induces apoptosis.
  • $31
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Dexamethasone
T107650-02-2
Dexamethasone (Hexadecadrol) is a glucocorticoid receptor agonist and IL receptor modulator with anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties that induces autophagy and inhibits LPS-induced inflammatory responses in macrophages.
  • $29
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Metformin hydrochloride
T07401115-70-4
Metformin hydrochloride (1,1-Dimethylbiguanide hydrochloride), a widely used anti-diabetic drug, exhibits potential anti-Y properties by inhibiting the proliferation of various Y cells, including colon and prostate.
  • $33
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Adezmapimod
T1764152121-47-6
Adezmapimod (SB 203580) is a selective, ATP-competitive p38 MAPK inhibitor (IC50=0.3-0.5 μM) that activates autophagy and mitochondrial autophagy, with more than 100-fold higher selectivity over PKB, LCK, and GSK-3β.
  • $30
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P62-mediated mitophagy inducer
T138091809031-84-2
P62-mediated mitophagy inducer (PMI) is a regulator of mitophagy.
  • $39
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Tanespimycin
T629075747-14-7
Tanespimycin (KOS 953) (17-AAG) is an inhibitor of Hsp90 that selectively inhibits BT474 tumor cell Hsp90 (IC50: 5 nM).
  • $38
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Vorinostat
T1583149647-78-9
Vorinostat (SAHA) is a pan-histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor (IC50=10 nM) with inhibitory activity against HDAC1 2 3 6 7 11. Vorinostat has antitumor activity, induces cell differentiation, blocks the cell cycle and induces apoptosis.
  • $44
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Oxidopamine hydrochloride
T1235228094-15-7
Oxidopamine hydrochloride (6-Hydroxydopamine hydrochloride) is an neurotransmitter dopamine antagonist.
  • $39
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AICAR
T14772627-69-2
AICAR (Acadesine) is an AMPK activator that causes ZMP accumulation, thereby mimicking the stimulatory effect of AMP on both AMPK and AMPKK. It is commonly used in research related to diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and tumors.
  • $30
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Iohexol
T155466108-95-0
Iohexol is an X-ray contrast agent containing varying concentrations of iohexol, which can be used for a variety of imaging applications.
  • $41
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Oxidopamine hydrobromide
T12352L636-00-0
Oxidopamine hydrobromide (6-OHDA hydrobromide) is a neurotransmitter dopamine antagonist.
  • $56
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Aspirin
T000550-78-2
Aspirin (Acetylsalicylic Acid) is a COX inhibitor that inhibits COX1 and COX2 (IC50=5 210 μg mL) with selective, irreversible, and oral activity. Aspirin is also a histone deacetylase inhibitor that up-regulates the cell cycle blocking protein, p21. Aspirin has a variety of activities. Aspirin has anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and analgesic, and antiplatelet aggregation activities.
  • $31
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Sunitinib
T0374L557795-19-4
Sunitinib (SU 11248) is a multi-targeted receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitor that inhibits VEGFR2 and PDGFRβ (IC50=80 2 nM). It exhibits antitumor activity and is used for treating kidney cancer and gastrointestinal tumors.
  • $53
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U0126-EtOH
T62231173097-76-1
U0126-EtOH (U0126 Ethanol) is a non-ATP competitive specific inhibitor of MEK1 2 (IC50: 0.07 0.06 μM).
  • $30
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Pitavastatin
T7072147511-69-1
Pitavastatin (NK-104) is a potent inhibitor of hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase, effectively inhibiting cholesterol synthesis from acetic acid in HepG2 cells with an IC50 of 5.8 nM. It also induces hepatocyte low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) receptors and exhibits therapeutic activities such as anti-atherosclerotic, anti-asthmatic, anti-osteoarthritis, antineoplastic, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, and reno-protective effects.
  • $970
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Quinacrine dihydrochloride
T094269-05-6
Quinacrine dihydrochloride (Mepacrine dihydrochloride) is the dihydrochloride salt of the 9-aminoacridine derivative quinacrine with potential antineoplastic and antiparasitic activities.
  • $41
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Valproic acid sodium salt
T16021069-66-5
Valproic acid sodium salt (Sodium Valproate) is the sodium salt form of valproic acid with anti-epileptic activity. Valproic acid sodium salt is converted into its active form, valproate ion, in blood. Although the mechanism of action remains to be elucidated, Valproic acid sodium salt increases concentrations of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the brain, probably due to inhibition of the enzymes responsible for the catabolism of GABA. This potentiates the synaptic actions of GABA. Valproic acid sodium salt may also affect potassium channels, thereby creating a direct membrane-stabilizing effect.
  • $42
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Isoniazid
T097254-85-3
Isoniazid (Isonicotinic hydrazide) is an antibacterial agent used primarily as a tuberculostatic.
  • $36
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Carbamazepine
T0943298-46-4
Carbamazepine (NSC-169864) is a tricyclic compound chemically related to tricyclic antidepressants (TCA) with anticonvulsant and analgesic properties. Carbamazepine exerts its anticonvulsant activity by reducing polysynaptic responses and blocking post-tetanic potentiation. Its analgesic activity is not understood; however, carbamazepine is commonly used to treat pain associated with trigeminal neuralgia.
  • $37
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Pitavastatin calcium
T2534147526-32-7
Pitavastatin calcium (NK-104) is a potent inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase (Ki: 1.7 nM). It lowers both total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in animals and humans. Metabolism of pitavastatin by the cytochrome P450 system is minimal, reducing the risk of drug-drug interactions.
  • $34
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Torkinib
T24141092351-67-1
Torkinib (PP 242) (PP 242) is a selective and ATP-competitive mTOR inhibitor (IC50: 8 nM). It also inhibits mTORC1 2 (IC50s: 30 58 nM).
  • $52
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Sunitinib Malate
T0374341031-54-7
Sunitinib Malate (Sunitinib) is an indolinone-based tyrosine kinase inhibitor. It blocks the tyrosine kinase activities of VEGFR2, PDGFRβ (IC50: 80 2 nM), and c-kit.
  • $37
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AICAR phosphate
T14149681006-28-0
AICAR phosphate (Acadesine phosphate) is an AMPK activator and inhibitor of autophagy, YAP, and mitophagy. It serves as an adenosine analog, regulating glucose and lipid metabolism, and inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and iNOS.
  • $49
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BC1618
T89292222094-18-8
BC1618 (2-Propanol, 1-[bis(phenylmethyl)amino]-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]-) is an orally active Fbxo48 inhibitor that stimulates Ampk-dependent signaling. It promotes mitochondrial fission, promotes autophagy and improves hepatic insulin sensitivity.
  • $30
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Clioquinol
T0876130-26-7
Clioquinol (Iodochlorhydroxyquin) is an orally bioavailable, lipophilic, copper-binding, halogenated 8-hydroxyquinoline with antifungal, antiparasitic and potential antitumor activities.
  • $31
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URB-597
T6714546141-08-6
URB-597 (FAAH Inhibitor II) is an effective, orally bioavailable FAAH inhibitor (IC50: 4.6 nM), and no effect on other cannabinoid-related targets.
  • $34
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Doxazosin mesylate
T010177883-43-3
Doxazosin mesylate (UK 33274 mesylate)(UK 33274) is a quinazoline-derivative. It is a selectively antagonizes postsynaptic α1-adrenergic receptors.
  • $38
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Resveratrol analog 1
T12708861446-16-4
Resveratrol analog 1, an analog of Resveratrol, is a natural polyphenolic phytoalexin with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective, and anti-cancer properties.
  • $39
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Dexamethasone acetate
T09471177-87-3
Dexamethasone acetate (NSC 39471) is the acetate salt form of Dexamethasone, a synthetic adrenal corticosteroid with potent anti-inflammatory properties. In addition to binding to specific nuclear steroid receptors, dexamethasone also interferes with NF-kB activation and apoptotic pathways. This agent lacks the salt-retaining properties of other related adrenal hormones.
  • $29
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GSK2578215A
T22401285515-21-0
GSK2578215A is a potent and selective LRRK2 kinase inhibitor.
  • $29
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GSK3-IN-3
T73331331963-27-0
GSK3-IN-3 is a mitochondrial autophagy (mitophagy) inducer and GSK-3 inhibitor (IC50: 3.01 μM) that induces parkin-dependent mitochondrial autophagy. GSK3-IN-3 is non-ATP and non-substrate competitive and neuroprotective against 6-OHDA.
  • $34
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U0126
T21332109511-58-2
U0126, an effective and selective non-competitive inhibitor of MAP kinase, inhibits MEK-1 and MEK-2 with IC50 values of 0.07 and 0.06 μM respectively. U0126 inhibits autophagy and mitophagy.
  • $158
35 days
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Sulfosuccinimidyl oleate
T13036135661-44-8In house
Sulfosuccinimidyl oleate (Sulfo-N-succinimidyl oleate) is a long-chain fatty acid that inhibits fatty acid transport into cells. It is a potent and irreversible inhibitor of the mitochondrial respiratory chain and binds the CD36 receptor on the surface of microglia. Sulfosuccinimidyl oleate is neuroprotective and alleviates stroke-induced neuroinflammation [1] [2].
  • $1,520
6-8 weeks
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Esmolol hydrochloride
T150381161-17-3
Esmolol is a cardioselective beta-blocker used in parenteral forms in the treatment of arrhythmias and severe hypertension. Esmolol has not been linked to instances of clinically apparent drug induced liver injury.
  • $50
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