oligomycin

Oligomycin is a macrolide antibiotic produced by Streptomyces. Oligomycin is commonly used to study mitochondrial function and cellular energy metabolism and has antifungal and antitumor activities.

Oligomycin E is a minor metabolite of the oligomycin complex produced by several species of Streptomyces. It exhibits relatively weak antifungal activity compared to other oligomycins, yet is active against Gram-positive bacteria and demonstrates strong antitumor activity against HeLa cells (IC50 = 14 ng/ml).

Oligomycin B, an antibiotic isolated from marine Streptomyces, serves as an eukaryotic ATP synthase inhibitor and induces apoptosis.

Oligomycin C is a macrolide antibiotic produced by actinomycetes of the genus Streptomyces and belongs to the oligomycin family. It exhibits significant inhibitory activity against various plant pathogenic fungi, including Aspergillus niger, Alternaria alternata, Botrytis cinerea, and Phytophthora capsici, while showing essentially no antimicrobial activity against bacteria, thereby demonstrating selective antifungal properties.

Oligomycin A (MCH 32) is an inhibitor of ATP synthase, inhibits oxidative phosphorylation and all the ATP-dependent processes occurring on the coupling membrane of mitochondria.

Rutamycin is a macrolide antibiotic of the oligomycin group obtained from Streptomyces rutgersensis. It inhibits various ATPases and uncouples oxidative phosphorylation from electron transport.

44-Homooligomycin A is an antitumor antibiotic. It exhibits activity against fungi such as Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Fusarium, but it is ineffective against yeast and bacteria. In vivo, 44-Homooligomycin A demonstrates moderate antitumor potency against colon 26.

44-Homooligomycin B is an antitumor antibiotic. It exhibits activity against fungi such as Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Fusarium species but does not affect yeast and bacteria. In vivo, 44-Homooligomycin B demonstrates moderate antitumor activity against Colon 26.

Tetradifon is a broad-spectrum organochlorine acaricide insecticide and a potent inhibitor of the mitochondrial oligomycin sensitivity conferring protein (OSCP)，a subunit of ATP synthase. Tetradifon is utilized for controlling a variety of mite pests and inhibiting energy-related mitochondrial activities including ADP-stimulated respiration and ATPase activity with an IC50 range of 4.5-27 nmoL/mg mitochondrial protein; it exerts oligomycin-like effects by inhibiting oxidative phosphorylation, inducing significant oxidative stress, and interfering with bone metabolism, making it a compound of interest for researching mitochondrial function, bone remodeling mechanisms, and nephrotoxicity.

(S)-IB-96212 (compound 4) is an oligomycin derivative that inhibits the MurD2 reaction but does not affect the MurL reaction. This compound specifically targets and inhibits a bypass pathway of peptidoglycan biosynthesis. Additionally, (S)-IB-96212 exhibits weak inhibition of the MurD reaction.