hyperglycemic

Methyldopa (MK-351), an alpha-adrenergic agonist (selective for α2-adrenergic receptors) psychoactive medicine, is served as an antihypertensive or sympatholytic.

Methyldopa hydrate (MK-351 hydrate) is a DOPA decarboxylase inhibitor and indirect α2-adrenergic receptor agonist used to treat hypertension. It inhibits the sympathetic nervous system, decreases production of dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine, and exhibits NO-dependent sedative activity.

Nomilin is naturally occurring triterpenoids, have immunomodulatory activity.

Glucagon significantly impacts protein and amino acid metabolism. It hinders the integration of amino acids into the proteins of the liver, muscle, and pancreas, augmenting nitrogen excretion and stimulating hepatic urea synthesis. Additionally, it elevates hepatic transaminase and urea cycle enzyme levels. Glucagon also enhances hepatic amino acid uptake, facilitating their conversion into liver glycogen, and reduces blood amino acid concentrations [1].

Anti-hyperglycemic agent 1 is a potent inhibitor of alpha-glucosidase (IC50: 0.53 μM). anti-Hyperglycemic agent 1 can be used to study diabetes.

Rosiglitazone (BRL49653) is a PPARγ agonist, TRPC5 activator, and TRPM3 inhibitor with oral activity. Rosiglitazone is also a hypoglycemic agent and a thiazolidinedione insulin sensitizer.

Acarbose (BAY g 5421) is a hypoglycemic agent that is an inhibitor of orally active alpha-glucosidase (IC50=11 nM). Acarbose enhances the hypoglycemic effect of sulfonylureas or insulin.

Vildagliptin (LAF237) is a cyanopyrrolidine-based, orally bioavailable inhibitor of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4), with hypoglycemic activity. Vildagliptin's cyano moiety undergoes hydrolysis and this inactive metabolite is excreted mainly via the urine.

1-Deoxynojirimycin (Moranoline) is a potent α-glucosidase inhibitor, suppressing postprandial blood glucose, thereby possibly preventing diabetes mellitus.

Rosiglitazone hydrochloride (BRL-49653 HCl) is a blood glucose-lowering drugs, stimulating insulin secretion by binding to the PPAR receptors in fat cells.

1-Deoxynojirimycin hydrochloride (Moranoline) is a potent and selective inhibitor of alpha-glucosidase, most commonly found in mulberry leaves. Duvoglustat is used to suppress the elevation of postprandial hyperglycemia.

AZD-1656 is a glucokinase activator (GKA) that can cause dose-limiting hypoglycemia in normal animals used in embryofetal development studies and type 2 diabetes.

syringaldehyde is a polyphenolic compound belonging to the group of flavonoids and is found in different plant species like Manihot esculenta and Magnolia officinalis. Syringaldehyde moderately inhibits COX-2 activity with an IC50 of 3.5 μg/mL. Anti-hyperglycemic and anti-inflammatory activities.

AR453588 is an orally bioavailable anti-diabetic glucokinase activator (EC50: 42 nM) with anti-hyperglycemic activity.

AR453588 hydrochloride is an orally bioavailable anti-diabetic glucokinase activator (EC50: 42 nM) with anti-hyperglycemic activity.

8-Hydroxychlorpromazine is a metabolite of Chlorpromazine that can enhance the hyperglycemic response following glucose loading, suggesting a possible synergistic role in Chlorpromazine-induced glucose metabolism disorders. It holds potential for research into metabolic diseases.

ASP-4000 HCl is an inhibitor of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP) with anti-hyperglycemic activity.

Limiglidole is an anti-hyperglycemic drug candidate.

Massarigenin C is a fungal metabolite that has been found inM. flavoroseaand has enzyme inhibitory activities.1,2Massarigenin C inhibits neuraminidasein vitro(IC50= 4.15 μM).2It is also an inhibitor of yeast α-glucosidase (IC50= 1.25 mM).1It reduces the postprandial peak in blood glucose levels in an oral sucrose tolerance test in normo- and hyperglycemic mice when administered at doses of 3.2, 10, and 31.6 mg/kg.

GPR40 agonist 5 is an orally active GPR40 (G protein-coupled receptor 40) agonist (EC50: 47 nM). gPR40 agonist 5 reduces blood glucose levels and improves glucose tolerance. gPR40 agonist 5 shows adequate control of hyperglycemic state in type 2 diabetic mice.

BBT has anti-hyperglycemic activity, acting through cAMP/PKA and the persistent L-type voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels/CaMK2 pathways to protect β-cells from cytokine or streptozotocin (STZ)-induced cell death and restore β-cell function, used in studies of diabetes.

α,α-Trehalose 6-phosphate potassium is a glucose analogue with potent anti-hyperglycemic activity. It serves as a central signaling molecule in carbon metabolism regulation, particularly in plants and microorganisms, where it functions as a sensor for sucrose or glucose levels. In vivo, Tre6P is rapidly converted to its end product, α,α'-trehalose, by the enzyme α,α-Trehalose 6-phosphate phosphatase (T6PP). Beyond its role as a metabolic intermediate, Tre6P demonstrates potential in diabetic models to alleviate hyperglycemic symptoms by modulating glucose homeostasis.

Stevisalioside A (Compound 2), isolated from the roots of Stevia serrata, is an orally active antidiabetic agent that inhibits Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) with an IC50 value of 526.8 μM. It effectively lowers blood glucose levels and attenuates the postprandial peak observed in oral glucose and insulin tolerance tests in Streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemic mice [1].

α-Amylase/α-Glucosidase-IN-6 (compound 5j) is a potent dual inhibitor of α-amylase and α-glucosidase, with IC50 values of 17.0 µM and 40.1 µM, respectively, and demonstrates anti-hyperglycemic activities [1].