glomerulosclerosis

R-268712 is a specific activin receptor-like kinase 5 (ALK5) inhibitor(IC50 of 2.5 nM). It is also an orally active transforming growth factor-β type I receptor inhibitor.

Antroquinonol is a ubiquinone derivative from Antrodia camphorata with anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities.Antroquinonol reduces oxidative stress and inhibits inflammation and sclerosis in mice with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis through enhancement of the Nrf2 signaling pathway.Antroquinonol has potential for use in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. Antroquinonol has potential for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer and may be used in colon cancer research.

CDDO-dhTFEA, a synthetic oleanane triterpenoid, effectively activates Nrf2 while inhibiting the NF-κB pro-inflammatory transcription factor. It restores mean arterial pressure (MAP), elevates Nrf2 levels and the expression of related genes, attenuates NF-κB and transforming growth factor-β pathway activation, and mitigates glomerulosclerosis, interstitial fibrosis, and inflammation in rats with chronic kidney disease (CKD).

APOL1-IN-1 is a potent inhibitor of apolipoprotein L1 (APOL1) that can be used to study the pathogenesis of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) and nondiabetic kidney disease (NDKD), facilitating research into these diseases.

Ilacirnon sodium is a potent CCR2 antagonist that may be useful in the treatment of renal diseases including Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis and Diabetic Nephropathy.

Fresolimumab (GC1008) is a specific human anti-transforming growth factor β monoclonal antibody that binds to the active forms of human TGFβ1, TGFβ2, and TGFβ3 and can be used to study focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and cancer in adults.

NTU281 is a potent inhibitor of transglutaminase-2 that reduces the elevation of serum creatinine and proteinuria in diabetic rats and decreases glomerular type I collagen accumulation, Hic-5 and α-SMA expression, as well as apoptosis, and can be used in studies of diabetes-induced glomerulosclerosis.

AC1903 is a specific inhibitor of TRPC5 channel, and has been shown to suppress severe proteinuria and prevent podocyte loss.