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YM-750 is a potent inhibitor of acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT), with an IC50 value of 0.18 μM. ACAT is an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of cholesterol and long-chain fatty-acyl-coenzyme A into cholesteryl esters.

Polyglyceryl-10 Laurate mixture-Foam is a reagent used in biochemical reactions.

2-Deoxy-2-sulfoamino-D-glucose sodium (GlcN-2S) can potentially influence arthritis.

TMN355 is a potent chemical inhibitor of cyclophilin A and reduces foam cell formation and cytokine secretion,and is used for atherosclerosis.

ABCA1 inducer 2 is a non-lipogenic inducer of ABCA1. It increases the expression of ABCA1 by targeting the LXR pathway, thereby reducing lipid accumulation induced by ox-LDL and inhibiting foam cell formation. ABCA1 inducer 2 holds potential as an anti-atherosclerotic agent.

Cloforex (Frenapyl) is an orally active anorectic amphetamine derivative and a prodrug of chlorphentermine. It is utilized to induce the accumulation of foam cells in rats.

Ginsenoside C-K hexapropionate ester (Structure 2) acts as a selective agonist for LXRα without significantly activating LXRβ. By stimulating LXRα, it enhances the expression of downstream genes such as ABCA1, facilitating reverse cholesterol transport and reducing lipid accumulation in macrophage-derived foam cells, making it useful for atherosclerosis research. This compound is a synthetic derivative, created by modifying the active metabolite of Panax notoginseng saponins, Ginsenoside Compound K, with propionic anhydride.

Manzamine A is a GSK-3 inhibitor and vacuolar ATPase uncoupler found in marine sponges. It inhibits autophagy and tumor growth in cancer models, suppresses foam cell formation in macrophages, prevents growth of gram negative and gram positive bacteria, an

AZD2716 is a selective secretory phospholipase A2(sPLA2) inhibitor, which can inhibit sPLA2-IIa, sPLA2-V and sPLA2-X, and its IC₅₀ is 10 nM, 40 nM and 400 nM respectively. AZD2716 can reduce the production of pro-inflammatory lipids, thus reducing macrophage activation and foam cell formation, and has been used in the study of atherosclerosis and inflammatory diseases related to sPLA2.

The early stage of atherosclerosis is characterized by the aggregation of foam cells, so called a fatty streak, in the inner arterial wall. CAY10487 inhibits formation of fatty streak lesions of the thoracic aorta in high cholesterol-fed rabbits without affecting plasma lipid profiles or significantly inhibiting ACAT-1 or ACAT-2 activity. The percent area occupied by the atherosclerotic lesion in rabbits supplemented with 0.05% CAY10487 in the diet was 16.1% compared to 53.5% in control rabbits. CAY10487 also exhibits antioxidant activity, inhibiting copper-mediated oxidation of low-density lipoprotein by about 75% at a concentration of 2 μM.

1. Kuwanon G (Moracenin B) as dual inhibitors of PTP1B and α-glucosidase enzymes, as well as insulin sensitizers, it may potentially be utilized as an effective treatment for Type II diabetes mellitus. 2. Kuwanon G has anti-inflammatory activity, it can attenuate atherosclerosis through inhibiting foam cell formation and inflammatory response. 3. Kuwanon G is a potent inhibitor of Mycobacterium tuberculosis protein tyrosine phosphatase B. 4. Kuwanon G shows acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase(BChE) inhibitory activities, it may be a promising candidate for preventive and therapeutic agents for Alzheimer's disease. 5. Kuwanon G prevents the pathological progression of allergic asthma through the inhibition of lung destruction by inflammation and immune stimulation. 6. Kuwanon G has antibacterial activity against oral pathogens. 7. Kuwanon G is a specific antagonist for the GRP-preferring receptor and can be useful for studying the physiological and pathological role of GRP.

F-1394 is an acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) inhibitor. F-1394 both prevents the formation of atherosclerosis and accelerates its regression without affecting the serum TC level, indicating that F-1394 acts directly on the arterial wall. F-1394 significantly reduced neointimal thickening and the extent of macrophages in lesions without affecting serum cholesterol levels. In vitro, F-1394 attenuated foam cell formation in mouse peritoneal macrophages.

Anti-Mouse CD32/CD16 Antibody (2.4G2) is a monoclonal inhibitory antibody against mouse CD16/CD32. Its core function is to block Fcγ receptor-mediated immune responses. By inhibiting the binding of CD16 to FcγRs, it effectively reduces foam cell formation and is widely used in research on atherosclerosis and autoimmune hematological diseases.

Tridecafluorohexane-1-sulfonic acid potassium salt is a perfluorinated anionic surfactant used in electroplating as a chromium fog inhibitor, a humidifier, and an additive to fluoroprotein foam fire extinguishing agents.

Anti-CD36 Antibody is a humanized monoclonal antibody targeting CD36 (Fatty Acid Translocase/FAT). CD36 is a multi-ligand scavenger receptor widely expressed on monocytes/macrophages, platelets, endothelial cells, and adipocytes, facilitating the uptake of long-chain fatty acids (LCFA) and the binding of oxidized low-density lipoproteins (oxLDL). By specifically binding to CD36, this antibody blocks fatty acid transport or inhibits oxLDL-induced foam cell formation, making it a valuable tool for research in metabolic disorders (e.g., atherosclerosis, diabetes) and cancer lipid metabolism.

2-Acetamidophenol-d3 (Orthocetamol-d3) is the deuterated form of 2-Acetamidophenol. This compound (Orthocetamol) acts as a regulator targeting both ferroptosis and the glutathione metabolism pathway and serves as the ortho-isomer of Paracetamol. It exhibits anti-atherosclerotic activity, with IC50 values of 30 μM and 40 μM for inhibiting total cholesterol (TC) and triglycerides (TG) in a zebrafish hyperlipidemia model, respectively. 2-Acetamidophenol enhances glutathione peroxidase GPX4 activity, lowers intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ferrous ion (Fe2+) accumulation, and upregulates the expression of genes related to glutathione synthesis (such as GCLC, GCLM, GSS) and iron ion transport (including FPN1, FTH), thereby inhibiting ox-LDL uptake by macrophages and foam cell formation.

Myristyl dimethylamine oxide-d6 (Teterdecyl dimethyl amine oxide-d6) is a deuterium-labeled variant of Myristyl dimethylamine oxide, a cationic surfactant belonging to the amine oxide family. It functions primarily as a foam booster, thickening agent, and conditioning agent in personal care and household cleaning products due to its ability to reduce surface tension, increase viscosity, and impart antistatic properties. Additionally, it is also utilized as a raw material in the production of other surfactants and specialty chemicals.

Esculeogenin A is the aglycone of the tomato saponin, Esculeoside A. It is an orally active compound with hepatoprotective, lipid-lowering, and antioxidant properties. Esculeogenin A regulates molecular targets such as PPARα, SREBP1, Nrf2, NF-κB, and ACAT1/ACAT2, promoting hepatic fatty acid oxidation, inhibiting de novo lipogenesis, enhancing antioxidant defense, and suppressing inflammatory responses. It improves liver function, alleviates hyperlipidemia, and inhibits hepatic steatosis and foam cell formation. Additionally, it prevents non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in high-fat diet-fed rats and reduces atherosclerotic lesions in apoE-deficient mice. Esculeogenin A is useful for research related to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, atherosclerosis, and hyperlipidemia.

Sapindus mokorossi extract, derived from the fruit of the soapberry tree (also known as Sapindus tree), offers cleaning, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory benefits. The primary active component in Sapindus mokorossi extract is saponin, a natural surfactant that aids in foam formation and provides gentle cleansing properties.

Myrianthic acid shows anticancer activity, it shows inhibitory activities on foam cell formation in human monocyte-derived macrophages induced by acetylated low-density lipoproteins at a 50 uM concentration. Myrianthic acid is equivalently inhibitive as acetylsalicylic acid (IC50: 57.0 microM) on epinephrine induced platelet aggregation.

Tanshindiol C protects macrophages from oxLDL induced foam cell formation via activation of Prdx1/ABCA1 signaling and that Prdx1 may be a novel target for therapeutic intervention of atherosclerosis.It possesses a unique anti-cancer activity whose mechani

Poloxamer F68 is employed in formulating low-foam, high-detergency detergents and serves as a defoaming agent in the paper-making or fermentation industries.

Poloxamer L62 is used for formulating low-foam, high-detergency detergents and can also serve as an emulsifier for pesticides.

Poloxamer L64 is used in formulating low-foam, high-detergency cleaners and can also serve as an emulsifier for pesticides.