confocal laser microscopy

Direct Red 80 (Sirius Red), a tetra azo dye, is used to detect amyloid and enhance the birefringence of collagen fibers in tissue sections.

BODIPY FL prazosin is a fluorescent α1-adrenergic antagonist with binding affinities of Ki: 14.5 nM for α1a-AR and Ki: 43.3 nM for α1b-AR, used to study subcellular localization differences in α1-adrenoceptor subtypes.

Fluo-3 and its derivative, Fluo3/AM, serve as fluorescent indicators for intracellular calcium (Ca2+), facilitating detection through flow cytometry and confocal laser scanning microscopy with visible light excitation (compatible with argon laser sources at 488 nm). Upon binding to calcium, these compounds exhibit a fluorescence intensity increase of approximately 40-fold.