carnitine

DL-Carnitine (Carnitina) is the constituent of liver and striated muscle. In therapeutically It is used to stimulate pancreatic and gastric secretions and to treat hyperlipoproteinemias.

D-Carnitine hydrochloride ((S)-Carnitine Hydrochloride) is a component of striated muscle and liver, used therapeutically to stimulate gastric and pancreatic secretions and to treat hyperlipoproteinemias.

L-Carnitine (L(-)-Carnitine) is an amino acid derivative. L-Carnitine facilitates long-chain fatty acid entry into mitochondria, delivering substrate for oxidation and subsequent energy production. Fatty acids are utilized as an energy substrate in all tissues except the brain.

(±)-Carnitine chloride (Monocamin) is a quaternary ammonium compound biosynthesized from the amino acids lysine and methionine.

Acetyl-L-carnitine hydrochloride (Acetyl L-carnitine hydrochloride) is a nutritional supplement composed of the hydrochloride salt form of the acetylated form of the endogenously produced L-carnitine, with potential neuroprotective, cognitive-enhancing, anti-depressive and immunomodulating activities. It may also relieve peripheral neuropathy induced by chemotherapy, diabetes or other diseases. In addition, acetyl-L-carnitine may modulate the immune response by increasing T-lymphocytes maturation and may downregulate pro-inflammatory cytokines in response to viruses, such as SARS-CoV-2. It may also disrupt the ACE2 signaling pathway and inhibit the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS).

Isobutyryl-L-carnitine is a member of the class of compounds known as acylcarnitines. Isobutyryl-L-carnitine is a product of the acyl-CoA dehydrogenases.

Carnitine is a quaternary amine that occurs naturally in most mammalian tissue. Carnitine is present in relatively high concentrations in skeletal muscle and heart where it is involved in regulating energy metabolism. It has also been used to allow the en

Tiglyl carnitine is associated with lung cancer and carnitine and glycine to 3-ketothiolase deficiency .

Stearoyl-L-carnitine chloride (Acylcarnitine C18:0) is a long-chain acylcarnitine found in the cerebellum that inhibits GlyT2 and is an important component in the study of lipid metabolism.

Myristoyl-L-carnitine chloride (L-Myristoylcarnitine chloride) is one of the body's metabolites implicated in inherited metabolic disorders.Tetradecanoylcarnitine is a potential marker for the study of diabetes mellitus and autoimmune hepatitis.

Levocarnitine propionate (L-Propionylcarnitine) is a propionyl-coenzyme A (Pro-CoA) derivative with anti-ischemic effects and high affinity for muscle L-carnitine transferase. Levocarnitine propionate enhances substrate oxidation and mitochondrial respiration in the heart of diabetic rats, reduces gastric ulcer area, induces mucosal recovery, and can be used to study acute respiratory distress syndrome and chronic gastric ulcers in Alzheimer's disease.

(±)-Propionylcarnitine chloride (Propionyl-DL-carnitine chloride) is a mixture of short-chain acylcarnitines used as a dietary supplement for the study of chronic diabetes.

Stearoylcarnitine (Stearoyl-L-carnitine) is a fatty ester lipid molecule, a human endogenous metabolite that serves as a biomarker for early-onset preeclampsia and late-onset preeclampsia.

L-Palmitoylcarnitine chloride (Palmitoyl-L-carnitine chloride) is a fatty acid metabolite with antithrombotic properties that protects mice from ischemic stroke by counteracting intracerebral thrombosis in the tMCAO model.L-Palmitoylcarnitine chloride (Palmitoyl-L-carnitine chloride) is a fatty acid metabolite with antithrombotic properties. Palmitoylcarnitine chloride inhibits the Na K pump in the heart and inhibits FeCl 3-induced arterial thrombosis Attenuates intracerebral thrombosis and inflammation in a mouse model of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO).

Palmitoylcarnitine chloride (Palmitoyl DL-carnitine chloride) is a mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation intermediate that mediates intralipid cardioprotection.Palmitoylcarnitine chloride eliminates colorectal cancer cell survival by depletion of glutathione. induces cancer cell death and regulates the interaction between protein kinase C βII and its receptor RACK1.

Palmitoylcarnitine (Palmitoyl DL-carnitine) is a mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation intermediate that acts as a surfactant.

3-Hydroxyisovalerylcarnitine is a carnitine derivative that may serve as a novel biomarker for biotin deficiency in humans, with its concentration increasing in such conditions. Biotin deficiency reduces the activity of biotin-dependent 3-methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase, hindering the conversion of 3-methylcrotonyl-CoA into 3-methylglutaconyl-CoA, and impairing the leucine catabolism pathway, resulting in elevated plasma 3-Hydroxyisovalerylcarnitine concentrations [1].

Glutarylcarnitine (O-glutaroyl-L-carnitine) is a diagnostic metabolite for malonic aciduria and glutaric aciduria type I monitored in most tandem mass spectrometry newborn screening programmes.

Valerylcarnitine (VALERYL-L-CARNITINE) is a short-chain fatty acid used in the study of type 2 diabetes.

Oleoylcarnitine (Oleoyl-L-carnitine) inhibits adenine nucleotide translocase (AdNT) activity with an ic50 of 14 μM.Oleoylcarnitine is an important indicator of neurodegeneration.

Tetradecanoylcarnitine (L-Myristoylcarnitine) is an acylcarnitine involved in the beta-oxidation of long-chain fatty acids, and is a potential marker for very-long-chain coenzyme A dehydrogenase deficiency. alpha-Dihydroartemisinin is a potent and selective inhibitor with multiple targets.

cis-Malonylcarnitine is an ester compound.

(Rac)-Oleoylcarnitine, an endogenous acylcarnitine, acts as a potential non-competitive inhibitor of glycine transporter 2 (GLYT2) and can be used as a pain suppressant.

L-Hexanoylcarnitine is a form of acylcarnitine used as a supplement for athletes and fitness enthusiasts to enhance physical performance and promote fat metabolism.